负载型过渡金属碳化物催化剂的合成、表征及在染料敏化太阳能电池中的应用

项目名称： 负载型过渡金属碳化物催化剂的合成、表征及在染料敏化太阳能电池中的应用

项目编号： No.21303039

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 武明星

作者单位： 河北师范大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 制备负载型催化剂是提高催化性能的有效途径之一。本项目以金属氯化物作金属源为染料敏化太阳能电池（dye-sensitized solar cells,DSCs）对电极合成一系列以介孔碳为载体的负载型前期过渡金属碳化物催化剂。通过改变实验条件调控负载型催化剂中碳化物的含量。比较不同催化剂对催化电解液中氧化还原电对循环再生的性能并探讨碳化物的含量及电极催化层厚度与催化性能之间的关系规律。将合成的催化剂代替昂贵的铂对电极组装DSCs，考察催化剂在电池中的实际应用效果。通过电池的耐久性实验，电化学阻抗以及循环伏安技术表征催化剂的长期稳定性。研究成果对设计新型高效廉价稳定的负载型催化剂具有重要的学术意义，并为此类催化剂在DSCs中的实际应用奠定了基础，能有效降低DSCs的制作成本，因此具有一定的实用价值。

中文关键词： 太阳能电池；碳化物；对电极；负载；催化

英文摘要： Prepared supported catalysts is one of the effective paths to enhance the catalytic activity. This project aims to synthesize a class of supported catalysts of mesoporous carbon-supported early-transition metal carbides using metal chlorides as metal source for the counter electrodes (CEs) of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). The carbide content of the supported catalyst can be regulated by adjusting the experimental conditions. The catalytic activities of different supported catalysts for catalyzing redox couples regeneration in the electrolyte are compared. The relationship of the content of carbides and the thickness of catalyst layer with catalytic activitiesis are also discussed. The as-prepared supported catalysts in DSCs are used as CEs to replace the expensive Pt to explore the practical effects of this kind of catalyst. Aging test, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry techniques are used to characterize the long-term stability of the catalysts. The results of this project are of academic significance for designing new supported catalysts with the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, and good stability. This project will lay a solid foundation for the application of supported catalysts in DSCs by effectively reducing production costs and exhibiting some practical use.

英文关键词： solar cells；carbides；counter electrode；support；catalysis