基于座椅支撑调节的人体脊椎振动损伤保护方法研究

项目名称： 基于座椅支撑调节的人体脊椎振动损伤保护方法研究

项目编号： No.51275082

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 机械、仪表工业

项目作者： 郭立新

作者单位： 东北大学

项目金额： 85万元

中文摘要： 车辆振动对人体脊椎损伤和导致的各种脊椎类疾病已引起国内外的重视。本研究利用非线性动态有限元方法研究振动环境对人体脊椎的影响及座椅对人体脊椎的作用关系，探寻人体脊椎振动损伤的保护方法，并以此指导新型车辆座椅的结构和功能设计。研究包括考虑车辆振动载荷、人体腰椎不同弯曲姿态和座椅靠背支撑作用的非线性有限元动态分析；考虑脊椎振动保护与乘坐舒适性间的车辆座椅结构功能协同设计；基于人生理特征的座椅本体及腰部支撑机构控制系统设计；座椅振动实验测试评估及系统有效性的验证等。研究从人生理学角度分析在车辆振动环境下，人体腰椎各运动关节软组织的力学行为，寻找基于座椅支撑功能的人体脊椎振动保护方法。研究结果将有助于了解人体脊椎的动态运动特征，提供人体脊椎振动保护的防范措施，并为新型防振安全车辆座椅的研发提供理论基础。相关研究成果在坦克、直升飞机、工程机械等方面有较好的应用推广意义。

中文关键词： 车辆座椅；全身模型；人体脊椎；有限元分析；振动测试

英文摘要： Vehicle vibration may induce human spine damage and various spinal diseases, which has attracted worldwide attention. In this study, the nonlinear finite element method is used to investigate the influence of vibration on human spine and the effect of vehicle seat on human spine to seek the protection method of vibration injury of human spine, and by which it can be provided a guideline for the structural and functional design of new vehicle seats. The study includes (1) nonlinear fintie element analysis of human spine considering the vechile vibration loads, different flexual postures of human lumbar spine and the support action of seat backrest; (2) the synergetic design of vehicle seat structure and function considering spine vibration protection and ride comfort; (3) the control system design of the seat and its waist support mechanisem based on the physiologic characteristics; (4) the experiment test evaluation of seat vibration and the validation of the system validity, etc. According to the human physiology, the biomechanic behaviours of the soft tissues of human lumbar spine motion segments will be analyzed under vehicle vibration environment to seek the vibration protection method of human spine based on seat support function. The findings in this study are helpful to understand the dynamic motion cha

英文关键词： Vehicle seat；Whole body model；Human spine；Finite element analysis；Vibration test