多孔质碳化物衍生碳/石墨化骨架碳复合材料的结构调控与储能机制研究

项目名称： 多孔质碳化物衍生碳/石墨化骨架碳复合材料的结构调控与储能机制研究

项目编号： No.51472186

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 丛野

作者单位： 武汉科技大学

项目金额： 82万元

中文摘要： 发展高效能量转换与储能器件是解决能源和环境问题的重要途径，也是未来新材料领域的重要前沿技术之一。本项目以设计和开发具有高容量、高效率和长寿命的储能电极材料为目的，以碳基材料为主要研究对象，构建具有特殊孔隙结构的碳化物衍生碳和具有良好导电性及有序碳层面堆积结构的石墨化骨架碳的复合体系作为储能用电极材料；提出了壳核结构和网络结构两种复合碳质材料的结构模型。通过衍生碳孔隙结构、分布的有效调控，石墨化骨架碳有序度、导电性的合理设计，及两相碳组成、分布和界面结构的优化，使复合材料既具有双电层储能特性又具有锂离子脱/嵌储能特性，从而满足储能材料兼具高功率密度和高能量密度的需求。在此基础上，揭示复合碳质材料的组成、结构特征与储能特性之间的相互关系，探讨电子、离子在衍生碳孔隙和骨架碳片层中的存储和传输过程，阐明复合体系的储能和协同作用机制，为设计和开发高效能量转换与储存材料提供一种新的设计思路和理论依据。

中文关键词： 炭材料；结构调控；储能机制；碳化物衍生碳；复合材料

英文摘要： The development of high efficient energy conversion and energy storage devices is an effective approach to solve the environmental and energy problems, and is also one of the most important advanced technologies of new materials in the future. This project is focused on carbon-based materials and aimed at design and development electrode materials of energy storage with high capacitance, high efficiency and long life. A composite energy storage system is constructed, which is composed of tailored porous carbide derived carbon and graphitized skeleton carbon with excellent conductivity and ordered carbon sheets overlapping structure. Two structural models of the composite carbon materials are proposed, with shell@core structure and network structure. The porous structure and distribution will be rationally regulated, and the order degree and conductivity of the graphitized skeleton carbon will be properly designed, and the composition, distribution and interface structure of two phase carbon will be optimized. Consequently, the obtained composite materials will perform both electric double-layer and lithium ions insertion/extraction characteristics, to satisfy the need of energy storage materials for high energy density and high power density. Based on these, the correlations among the compositions, structures and energy storage properties will be revealed. The storage and transport process of electrons and ions in the carbide derived carbon porous and skeleton carbon sheets will be discussed, and the energy storage mechanism and synergistic effect will be elucidated. As a result, a novel design proposal and theoretic foundation will be provided for design and development of high efficient energy conversion and energy storage materials.

英文关键词： Carbon Materials;Structure Regulation;Energy Storage Mechanism;Carbide Derived Carbon;Composite Materials