蛭石改性乳酸基共聚物机理的研究

项目名称： 蛭石改性乳酸基共聚物机理的研究

项目编号： No.21074021

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2011

项目学科： 石油、天然气工业

项目作者： 徐红

作者单位： 东华大学

项目金额： 12万元

中文摘要： 在可生物降解的植物系塑料中，目前在品质、性能、功能各方面可与石油系塑料抗衡的只有聚乳酸。但是与普通塑料相比，聚乳酸的耐热性和抗冲击性较差，影响了聚乳酸的广泛应用。本项目首先对剥分的介观尺度单片层蛭石表面进行官能团化修饰，然后采用原位直接熔融缩聚复合法制备了乳酸基共聚物/蛭石微晶复合材料，通过设计蛭石微晶表面的官能团，实现了蛭石微晶在乳酸基共聚物中的定位及对乳酸基共聚物微结构的调控，从而改进了乳酸基共聚物的结晶性、热稳定性、脆性及力学性能，实现了聚乳酸的高性能。项目研究的重点包括蛭石的剥分、对单片层蛭石表面修饰条件的确定、蛭石在乳酸共聚物中的定位规律及对乳酸共聚物微结构的调控机理、乳酸基共聚物/蛭石复合材料微结构与宏观性能关系的确定。通过本项目的研究，初步掌握了蛭石对乳酸基共聚物微结构调控规律，明确了乳酸共聚物基复合材料微结构与性能的关系，项目的研究可为聚乳酸复合材料的性能调控提供理论指导。

中文关键词： 聚乳酸；蛭石；复合材料；微结构

英文摘要： In the biodegradable plant plastics, currently, polylactic acid (PLA) is the only one which can become a competitive alternative to traditional oil based plastics in quality, performance and function. However, compared with traditional commodity plastics, PLA with poor impact resistance and poor thermal stability thwart its broad substitution. In this project,the monolayers vermiculite surfaces were first functionalized and then the lactic acid based copolymer/vermiculite composite was prepared by in situ direct melt polycondensation. The spatial distribution of vermiculite nanoparticles in the lactic acid based copolymer could be controlled by tailoring the vermiculite nanoparticle ligands, which can regulate the microstructure of lactic acid based copolymer and improve its performance such as crystallinity, thermal stability, brittleness and mechanical properties. And polylactic acid, therefor, has high performance.Focuses of the study include vermiculite exploitation, surface functionalization of vermiculite nanoparticles, spatial distribution of vermiculite nanoparticles in the lactic acid based copolymer and regulation mechanism to micro-structure of lactic acid copolymer, and the relationship between microstructure and macroscopic properties of prepared composite.Through the study of this project, the regulation mechanism to microstructure of lactic acid copolymer and the relationship between structure and properties of lactic acid copolymer based composite material were basicly mastered. The study of this project can provide theoretical guidance for the performance regulation of PLA.

英文关键词： polylactic acid; vermiculite; composite; microstructure