项目名称: 基于荧光分子@纳米材料的荧光淬灭对重金属离子的探测
项目编号: No.21307138
项目类型: 青年科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2014
项目学科: 环境科学、安全科学
项目作者: 王美玲
作者单位: 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院
项目金额: 25万元
中文摘要: 水中的重金属离子严重危害人类健康,因此对其快速有效检测至关重要。本项目以水中痕量重金属离子的选择性探测为目标,借助荧光分析法的高灵敏度、高选择性以及纳米材料对小分子的有效吸附特性,利用修饰在纳米材料上的荧光分子的荧光强度随重金属离子浓度的变化规律,实现对痕量重金属的探测。高比表面纳米材料的强吸附特性增加了其表面荧光分子与重金属离子接触并产生作用的几率,有望提高检测的灵敏度。研究磁性Fe3O4纳米颗粒或聚合物纳米纤维膜的结构、尺寸、形貌等对重金属离子吸附和富集的影响,制备强吸附、高效快速富集重金属离子的纳米材料;发展纳米结构表面修饰不同功能荧光分子的方法,同时实现对多种痕量重金属离子的选择性探测;研究重金属离子对荧光材料淬灭的机理以及温度、pH值等环境因素对荧光淬灭的影响,提高实际探测的抗干扰能力,拓展其应用范围。该研究对污染水样品中痕量重金属离子的快速探测具有重要的科学意义和实际应用价值
中文关键词: 荧光淬灭;痕量探测;重金属离子;纳米材料;
英文摘要: Human health is seriously endangered by heavy metals, thus fast and effective detection of heavy metal ions in water pollutions is important. This project aims at trace and selective detection of heavy metal ions in water pollutions based on fluorescence quenching. By combining the high sensitivity and selectivity of fluorescence analysis method with the high adsorption ability of nano-materials, trace heavy metal ions can be detected via fluorophores-modified-nanomaterials. High surface-to-volume ratio of nanomaterial provides extra interacting sites, and makes better contact and interactions for fluorophores with heavy metal ions, thus enhancing its sensitivity. By studying the effects of sizes and morphologies of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles or polymer nanofibre membrane on heavy metal adsorption and accumulation, preparation conditions of nanomaterials with strong and fast adsorption ability to heavy metal ions are optimized; by developing nanomaterials modified with multi-functional fluorophores, simultaneously fluorescence detection of several heavy metals can be achieved. Sensing mechanism of the fluorophores-modified-nanomaterials to heavy metal ions, and effects of environmental factors, such as temperature, pH and solvents on fluorescence intensities, are studied, which enhances anti-interference func
英文关键词: fluorescence quenching;trace detection;heavy metal ions;nanomaterials;