可超快速充放电的柔性有机聚合物电池的分子设计与系统研究

项目名称： 可超快速充放电的柔性有机聚合物电池的分子设计与系统研究

项目编号： No.51503038

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 陈栋阳

作者单位： 福州大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 有机电极活性材料具有来源广泛、合成简单、加工方便、性能可控、绿色环保和可持续发展等优点，是发展下一代高性能电池的最佳选择之一。然而，目前有机电极活性材料的能量密度和功率密度都普遍偏低，且循环寿命较短，远达不到商业化的要求。本项目拟提出通过控制有机电极活性材料的三维化学结构的方法，来调节离子在电极里的扩散系数，提高电极反应的效率和速度，从而提高其能量密度和功率密度。首先，通过分子结构设计，把具有氧化还原活性的有机官能团引入到具有规则孔状结构的环番小分子及其聚合物中，研究不同的官能团和分子结构对其电化学反应动力学参数的影响机制。然后，采用稳定性高和柔嫩性好的聚合物制备电极，通过对导电添加剂的有机改性，研究组分界面性能对电极的电子传导率和机械性能的影响。最后优化电池的制备工艺，开发具有真正应用价值的有机电池。本项目的研究将为可持续发展的新一代电池的开发积累重要的理论知识和实际经验。

中文关键词： 聚合物电池；微孔结构；离子扩散系数；电子传导率；纳米复合材料

英文摘要： Organic redox-active materials are one of the most promising types of active materials for next-generation batteries because of the fact that they can be made readily from abundant natural products and their properties can be tuned easily by organic synthesis. However, they have many drawbacks that prevent them from being commercialized, such as low energy and power densities, and short lifetime. Herein, a strategy is proposed to maximize the energy and power densities of organic batteries, which is the building of microporosity in organic active materials. Microporosity is expected to increase the accessibility of the redox-active sites and the diffusion coefficient of the electrolyte ions, thus increases both the specific capacity and rate performance of a battery. To verify this hypothesis, cyclophanes and polycyclophanes with rigid microporosity will be chosen as scaffolds for the attachment of redox-active groups. The effect of the microporosity of the compounds on the kinetics of the electrode reactions will be thoroughly investigated. Stable and flexible polycyclophanes will be further studied as high performance electrode materials, with the possibility of realizing ultra-high rate capability because of their unique microporous structures. Optimization of the interfaces between polycyclophanes and electron-conducting additives will be carried out to help achieve the best performance of the polycyclophane electrodes. Starting from rational molecular design to final product development, the studies proposed herein are highly likely to result in invaluable knowledge and experiences that will guild the trajectory of next-generation high performance batteries.

英文关键词： Polymer Battery;Microporosity;Ion Diffusion Coefficient;Electron Conductivity;Nanocomposite