新型有机抑制剂设计合成及与硫化矿相互作用研究

项目名称： 新型有机抑制剂设计合成及与硫化矿相互作用研究

项目编号： No.50864004

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2009

项目学科： 金属学与金属工艺

项目作者： 熊道陵

作者单位： 江西理工大学

项目金额： 28万元

中文摘要： 本项目的研究了硫化矿物的晶体结构和表面性质研究，纯矿物铁闪锌矿、毒砂、磁黄铁矿通过X―#23556;线衍射，可以认定铁闪锌矿是Marmatite- Cubic晶型的矿物，毒砂是Arsenopyrite-Triclinic晶型的矿物，磁黄铁矿是Pyrrhotite - Trigonal晶型的矿物。根据有机抑制剂的分子设计理论，合成了黄原酸基有机抑制剂。并对硫化矿有抑制作用研究，抑制强弱顺序是毒砂＞磁黄铁矿＞铁闪锌矿。并实现了锌砷、锌硫和锌砷硫分离等3种人工混合矿的浮选分离。 运用动电位、红外光谱和紫外吸收光谱等测试方法探讨了黄原酸基有机抑制剂与硫化矿的作用机理，通过浮选药剂特性指数i和亲水亲油平衡值HLB等方法了研究抑制剂的结构与性能关系。抑制剂有-OH和-COOH的亲水基团，亲水基团越多，抑制能力越强。 基团电负性数据表明，羟基和羧基易与电负性较小的金属离子As3+发生作用，而与Fe3+、Zn2+作用则呈依次变弱的趋势，故它们对毒砂的抑制作用能力最强，磁黄铁矿次之，铁闪锌矿最弱。随着浮选药剂特性指数i和亲水亲油平衡值HLB的增加，其亲水能力增强，抑制效果增大。亲水能力顺序也是其抑制能力顺序。

中文关键词： 有机抑制剂；合成；浮选；硫化矿；抑制作用

英文摘要： This projection researchs on the crystal structure and surface property of sulphid minerals, pure mianerals of marmatite、arsenopyrite and pyrrhotite is diffracted by X-ray, we can think that marmatite is the crystal type of Marmatite-Cubic minerals, arsenopyrite is the crystal type of Arsenopyrite-Triclinic minerals, pyrrhotite is the crystal type of Pyrrhotite –Trigonal minerals. According to the molecular-designed theory of organic depressant, we synthesize the xanthogenate organic depressants.And study on the depressing capability of organic depressants on sulphid minerals, the order of despression capacity is arsenopyrite ＞ pyrrhotite＞ marmatite. Flotation separation of three artificial mixed minerals about zinc-arsenic、zinc-sulfur and zinc-arsenic-sulfur separation can be come true. The depressing mechanism of the organic depressants and the minerals based on zeta potential、Infrared spectrum and ultraviolet spectrophotometer tests，the structure-activity relationship of the organic depressants in the light of the flotation reagents characteristic index number i and hydrophilic lipophilic balance (HLB) . Xanthogenate organic depressants have the hydrophilic group of -OH and –OOH. The more the hydrophilic group in the organic compounds, the stronger the depression to the minerals. Based on the data of group electronegativity,it is indicated that the hydroxyl and carboxyl group are easily effected on the metal irons As3+,which is small electronegativity,but it is effected on Fe3+ and Zn2+ with the tendency of weakness.So the strongest depressing capability is to arsenopyrite,then the pyrrhotite,the weakest is to marmatite.The depression capability of the xanthogenate organic depressant increases with the characteristic index i and the value of hydrophilic lipophilic balance (HLB) , the bigger the index and the HLB value, the stronger the hydrophilic performance, and the more the depression capability.The order of the hydrophilic performance is also the the depression capability.

英文关键词： Organic depressant；Synthesize；Flotation；Sulphid minerals；Depression