稀土分离用多级结构功能纳米纤维亲和膜设计与构筑

项目名称： 稀土分离用多级结构功能纳米纤维亲和膜设计与构筑

项目编号： No.51273042

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 王雪芬

作者单位： 东华大学

项目金额： 79万元

中文摘要： 本项目拟以被称为"第三代主体超分子化合物"的杯芳烃为稀土离子吸附的功能基团，化学改性或合成新型功能聚合物，通过合适的引入方法，结合静电纺丝技术，调控制备具有微纳结构的超高比表面的高性能功能纳米纤维亲和膜。将杯芳烃对稀土金属离子的配位选择性和纳米纤维多孔膜的超高比表面积有机结合，提高受体稀土金属离子与主体杯芳烃的配位性，从而将极大地提高了吸附分离效率。对功能纳米纤维亲和膜的微观形态结构进行分析表征，研究基团的引入效率以及皮层分布。通过纳米纤维亲和膜多尺度与功能化结构设计与调控，深入研究功能纳米纤维亲和膜微结构变化和对不同稀土金属阳离子选择性识别之间相互关系的普遍规律。该研究对于提高具有战略意义的稀土金属的分离效率及降低对环境的污染，保护这一战略资源的开发和利用及保护环境具有非常重要的意义。

中文关键词： 功能纳米纤维；亲和膜；稀土分离；多级结构；

英文摘要： Calixarene is named the third generation supramolecular host compound after crown ether and cyclodextrin. In this project, we will use this functional group as rare earth ions absorbent in separations. With the appropriate induction method, via chemical modification or synthesis a novel functional polymer, combination with the electrospinning technique, we will obtain a functional nanofibrous affinity membrane with micro-nano structure which shows ultra high specific surface. The selectivity of calixarenes coordination with rare earth ions combine organically with ultra high specific surface of porous nanofiber membrane will increase the coordination of the guest (rare earth ions) and the host (calixarenes). So, the efficiency of absorption and separation will be increased. The analysis and characteristic of the microscopic structure of the functional film, induction efficiency of the function group and the analysis of cortex will be investigated. We will investigate deeply in the general rules on the varieties of micro structure in the functional affinity film and selective identification with different rare earth cations by designing and adjustment in multiple scales and functional structure. This study will have a great importance on increasing separation efficiency of the rare earth and protecting utilizati

英文关键词： functional nanofibers；affinity membranes；separation of rare earth metal ions；hierachical structure；