地震作用下高架桥梁碰撞过程中的波动行为及减震控制

项目名称： 地震作用下高架桥梁碰撞过程中的波动行为及减震控制

项目编号： No.51308170

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 建筑科学

项目作者： 李素超

作者单位： 哈尔滨工业大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 本项目针对现有碰撞分析模型中整体加速度与试验测试的应力波产生的局部加速度之间的巨大差异，研究地震作用下高架桥梁碰撞应力波场和加速度场测试方法，以及基于应力波和加速度试验测试数据的碰撞力识别方法；通过结构碰撞有限元分析，研究桥梁碰撞过程中上部结构波动与整体振动的关系，揭示碰撞过程中应力波生成、传播机制及应力场特征、现有宏观碰撞模型与桥梁实际受力状态差异的机理；研究基于碰撞应力波场的高架桥梁碰撞分布质量分析模型、碰撞模型及其参数计算方法；研究金属橡胶-形状记忆聚合物复合材料在冲击荷载下的力学行为与自恢复特性，以及基于该材料的高架桥梁碰撞控制分析方法、效果与自恢复特性。本项目研究将深刻揭示地震作用下高架桥梁碰撞波动行为及波动与振动的相互关系，发展基于应力波的桥梁碰撞分析理论与方法、以及自恢复桥梁碰撞控制体系，丰富桥梁地震工程科学，对城市交通网络地震安全与灾后应急救援具有重要的科学意义和实用价值。

中文关键词： 高架桥梁；碰撞；应力波传播；地震；碰撞减震

英文摘要： Focused on the inconsistent between the structural acceleration obtained by existing pounding model in analysis and the local acceleration affected by pounding stress wave during test, this project presents the studies on the measurement method of pounding stress wave field and acceleration field. The identification method of accurate pounding force which is based on pounding stress wave and acceleration response of highway bridges is developed. Through finite element analysis (FEA) of structural pounding, the relationship between the local wave propagation and structural vibration of superstructure is investigated. Then, the mechanism of stress wave generation and propagation during pounding and the characteristic of stress wave is revealed. Additionally, the mechanism of difference between the existing pounding model and the real stress state of the bridge is analyzed.A distributed mass pounding model considering the stress wave field effect is proposed and investigated. The parameters of above pounding model reflecting stress wave interaction are also derived and determined. Subsequently, the mechanical behaviors and self-recovery ability of a kind of novel composite materials made of metallic pseudo-rubber and shape memory polymer under impact loading is analyzed. Based on this material, the pounding control

英文关键词： highway bridge；pounding；wave propagation；seismic；pounding mitigation