甘肃省药用植物病原壳针孢属真菌分类和系统发育研究

项目名称： 甘肃省药用植物病原壳针孢属真菌分类和系统发育研究

项目编号： No.31460013

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 王艳

作者单位： 甘肃中医药大学

项目金额： 47万元

中文摘要： 目前壳针孢属真菌分类普遍以产孢方式为基础，并考虑分生孢子的特征；在种级分类上，通常以寄主属为基础。这种分类方式导致甘肃省的30多种药用植物病原壳针孢属真菌出现同物异名和待定种，使分类十分混乱，不利于病害防治。为此，本课题拟借鉴植物病理学、真菌分类学及分子生物学的理论和技术手段，针对甘肃省药用植物病原壳针孢属真菌开展如下研究：(1)生物学特性及其在不同培养基上的培养特性比较；(2) 寄主专化性和寄主范围测定；(3) 扩增LSU、ITS、EF 1-α、RBP2四个基因位点序列，构建系统发育树，进行壳针孢属真菌与相似属系统发育研究；(4)找到鉴定壳针孢属真菌比较有效的基因位点或组合；(5) 鉴定甘肃省药用植物病原壳针孢属真菌。本研究将系统地把壳针孢属真菌传统分类方法和分子发育框架结合起来，为该属真菌更加符合自然遗传规律分类体系的构建提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 壳针孢属；形态学；系统发育；分类；药用植物

英文摘要： Classification of Septoria is generally based on spore proliferation and the characteristics of spores; and the host genera decide the species of Septoria. Such classification system leads to the difficulty in identifing the pathogen of the more than 30 species of Septoria on medicinal plants of Gansu Province and result in the difficulty in controling of such diseases. Due to the above reasons, the following work on Septoria on medicinal plants of Gansu Province will be done by means of Plant Pathology, Taxonomy of fungi and the theories, ideas and techniques in Molecule Biology: (1) comparison of the biological characteristics and the cultivative characteristics of Septoria on different culture media; (2) test of the host scope of Septoria; (3) to decide the squences of locus of SSU, LSU, ITS, mitSSU, EF 1-α, PB1 and RPB2; (4) to find effective locus and its combination for the purpose of verifying Septoria; and (5)to identify the species of Septoria on medicinal plants of Gansu Province. Integrate the traditional classification methods with the molecular phylogenetic framework of Septoria, making the classification system become more reasonable with genetic principles.

英文关键词： Septoria;Morphology;Molecular Phylogeny;Taxonomy;Medicinal plant