流域"汇"型景观时空演化格局与磷污染蓄留响应过程的研究

项目名称： 流域"汇"型景观时空演化格局与磷污染蓄留响应过程的研究

项目编号： No.31270510

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 李崇巍

作者单位： 天津师范大学

项目金额： 66万元

中文摘要： 非点源污染在不同的时空尺度下的发生机理、扩散过程的研究对控制流域面源污染具有重要意义。天津于桥水库的水体富营养化主要为磷污染，最近研究表明：随着于桥水库流域"汇"型景观格局面积比例增加，流域磷污染负荷也显著的上升。但对"汇"型景观格局对磷污染过程如何进行截蓄的调控？以及"汇"型景观格局时空演变如何影响磷污染过程？即景观格局如何影响生态过程研究？这是我们现在面对的核心科学问题。本课题基于"3S"技术和模型模拟的方法，对天津于桥水库流域农业磷污染进行研究,分析污染的迁移路径及其"汇"景观格局变化特征。并以"尺度－格局－过程"原理和等级组织理论为基础采取"自下而上"的分析方法，从机理性的斑块模型入手，延伸到包括景观尺度的结构和功能过程。通过对遥感影像的解译，典型小流域磷的测定分析，数学模型磷污染的空间分布模拟，揭示"汇"景观格局与磷污染之间的关系，为水体污染防治与保护提供理论依据

中文关键词： 景观格局；景观指数；城镇化流域；磷污染；SWAT模型

英文摘要： Occurrence mechanism and diffusion process of non-point source pollution at multiple temporal and spatial scales are significant in controlling regional surface source pollution and improving local water source quality. Water body eutrophication in Yuqiao reservoir (Tianjin) is mainly phosphorus pollution. Preliminary research was conducted on phosphorus loading and pollution process. With the basin sink landscape pattern area ratio increases, the watershed phosphorus pollution load was also significantly increased. However, there are few studies on long-term evolution of phosphorus pollution and its interception process by sink landscape patterns. We will examine agricultural phosphorus pollution in watershed of Yuqiao Reservoir, and describe migration paths and landscape pattern traits of source-sink. Based on scale-pattern-process theory, the bottom-up analysis will be used from mechanistic patch model to structure and function at landscape scale. The relationship between source-sink landscape pattern and phosphorus pollution will be revealed via interpretation of remote sensing images, phosphorus measurement and analysis in typical small watershed, and spatial distribution arithmetic model simulation of phosphorus pollution. This project will provide theoretical support for water body protection and pollutio

英文关键词： landscape pattern；landscape index；urbanized watershed；phosphorus pollution；SWAT model