表面改性纳米玻璃管的流体特性研究及离子选择探测传感器的研制

项目名称： 表面改性纳米玻璃管的流体特性研究及离子选择探测传感器的研制

项目编号： No.21505050

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 邓小龙

作者单位： 济南大学

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 纳米玻璃管由于其独特的几何结构和物理性质，在生物研究、微量液体的转移、界面离子输运、离子选择探测和分析检测等领域有非常广泛的应用。纳米通道具有的离子电流整流特性和离子选择特性对其在重金属离子的探测方面显得非常重要，目前对影响整流特性的因素研究的非常多。但离子选择探测传感器存在着探测稳定性和抗干扰能力差的问题。本项目拟对锥形结构纳米通道的纳米玻璃管进行表面改性，研究温度、表面电荷密度、浓度梯度、电解质种类和离子类型、电压扫描速率等对其离子电流整流特性的影响规律；同时结合传统的PVC基离子选择电极的优势，探索出具有长期稳定性和强抗干扰能力的离子选择探测传感器的制备条件。进一步的研究影响离子电流整流的因素和离子探测机理之间的关系，最终实现纳米玻璃管基离子选择探测传感器的微量分析和在细胞中离子浓度的无损检测。

中文关键词： 纳米电极；电化学检测；表面功能化；纳米玻璃管；离子电流整流

英文摘要： Due to its unique geometry and physical properties, glass nanopipettes have been widely used in many fields, such as biological study, low-volume liquid delivery, interfacial ion transfer, ion selective detection and analytical measurement. Nanochannels possess the characters of ion current rectification and ion selective detection which are very important to detect heavy metal ions, and thus there are many studies focused on investigating the influence factors of ion current rectification. However, weak long-term stability and anti-interference ability are the fatal problems for the real application of ion selective detection sensor. In this project, we try to study the influence of temperature, surface charge density, concentration gradient, species of electrolyte, type of ions and scan rate on the ion current rectification based on the surface modified glass nanopipettes. Meanwhile, combining the advantages of conventional PVC based ion selective electrode and glass nanopipette sensor, we want to explore the fabrication conditions of ion selective detection sensor with good long-term stability and strong anti-interference ability. Moreover, the relationship between the influence factors of ion current rectification and ion selective detection mechanism will be further investigated. Finally, we try to realize the application of ion selective detection sensor based on the glass nanopipette for the low-volume analysis and nondestructive detection of ion concentration in cells.

英文关键词： nanoelectrode;electrochemical detection;surface functionalization;glass nanopipette;ion current rectification