多孔钒基锂离子电池电极材料的可控制备及性能

项目名称： 多孔钒基锂离子电池电极材料的可控制备及性能

项目编号： No.21271128

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 王开学

作者单位： 上海交通大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 锂离子电池和锂离子电池储能系统的开发对可再生能源的有效利用和新能源汽车的发展具有重要意义，而正极材料一直是制约锂离子电池发展的瓶颈。本项目拟以比容量高、廉价的钒基材料为突破口，设计合成出新型钒氧化合物和钒酸锂等多孔正极材料。开发软模板法和硬模板法等新的制备路线，优化制备和后处理条件，控制多孔骨架材料的晶相，提高其结晶度以及热稳定性，实现材料的可控制备；通过多孔结构的引入促进电解液的输运，加快材料内部的传质过程，通过离子掺杂和表面包覆等复合改性解决材料锂离子迁移率过低和导电性差的难题；利用原位X-射线衍射等在线检测手段研究材料的储锂机理，以期从本质上揭示影响锂离子电池性能的关键因素，为开发具有自主知识产权的、低成本、大容量、高倍率和高循环稳定性的锂离子电池电极材料进行积极探索。

中文关键词： 锂离子电池；电极材料；多孔材料；钒基材料；储锂性能

英文摘要： Rechargeable lithium ion batteries with merits, such as high energy and power densities, and long cycle lifetime, have been regarded as ideal energy storage devices for electric, hybrid electric vehicles, and intermittent renewable energy sources. One of the challenges for improving the performance of lithium ion batteries to meet increasingly demanding requirements for energy storage is the development of low-cost, high performance cathode materials. Due to high capacity, high output voltage, readily availability and low cost, vanadium-based cathode materials has been attracted considerable attention. However, the poor rate capability and cycleability restrict the practical application of vanadium-based cathode materials. This project will focus on the design and fabrication of new porous vanadium-based cathode materials, such as vanadium oxides and vanadates. New preparation strategies, including soft-template and hard-template methods will be developed to manipulate the porous structures and pore dimensions of these materials. The phase, crystallinity and stability of the porous vanadium-based materials will be well controlled through careful selection of the synthesis and post-treatment processes. The introduction of a porous structure is expected to facilitate the transport of the electrolyte and shorten th

英文关键词： lithium ion batteries；electrode materials；porous materials；Vanadium-based materials；lithium storage properties