用于空间的低温压电单晶超声电机的制备科学

项目名称： 用于空间的低温压电单晶超声电机的制备科学

项目编号： No.50872002

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2009

项目学科： 金属学与金属工艺

项目作者： 董蜀湘

作者单位： 北京大学

项目金额： 40万元

中文摘要： 本项目在国家自然科学基金（编号50872002）资助下，针对空间科学与低温环境的潜在应用，以新型高性能弛豫铁电压电单晶材料（PMN-PT）为基础，系统考察了压电单晶材料的低温压电性能，发展了可在低温环境下工作的新型高性能压电单晶精密驱动器并研究了它们的低温运动行为，建立了压电单晶超声电动机理论模型和设计方法，以及研究了它们的制备科学。获得的重要研究成果如下：（1） 发明了数种具有自主知识产权的直线型微型压电驱动器样机，包括：B1模式柱状、方片状压电超声电机。其中研制的毫米尺寸（1.5×5×m3）B1模式柱状压电单晶超声直线电机，其单位体积产生的驱动力比传统电磁音圈马达要高110倍，比传统压电陶瓷马达也高出4倍，这一指标达到国际先进水平；（2） 发明一种压电单晶平面驱动器：第一次利用一个单晶块，可实现一个滑块的x-y平面驱动；（3）发明了一个单片结构d33模式压电单晶弯微位移驱动器与改进型钹式驱动器，获得大的弯曲位移变形量；（4）证实压电单晶驱动器可在-170 极低温度下有效工作。已发表SCI收入文章5篇，授权一项中国发明专利，申报3项中国发明专利。

中文关键词： 压电单晶;超声;驱动器;微电机;微马达

英文摘要： This project (supported by NSFC Grant No.50872002) studied the low-temperature behaivous of relaxor ferroelectric PMN-PT piezoelectric-single crystal materials, developed several new types of piezoelectric actuators based on PMN-PT single-crystal, examined their work performances both at room and low temperature conditions, built the theoretical modeling method for piezoelectric actuator optimization design, and also investigated the fabrication science and method of piezoelectric actuators. The following summized the important achievements obtained up to now: (1)Several ultrasonic actuators and micromotors including B1 mode single rod and square configurations of piezoelectric ultrasonic linear type actuators based on piezoelectric single crystal PMN-PT were invented and fabricated. Among them, the single rod type piezoelectric actuator showed a recorded high linear-motion-generating-force in unit volume, which is ~110 and 4 times higher over the conventional Voice Coil Motors and piezoelectric ceramic motors, respectively; (2)a piezoelectric single crystal plan-motion actuator was invented,(3)for the first time,a piezoeletric bending type actuator made of only one single-crystal plate and operated in d33 mode was invented and fabricated, and also an improved type of d33 mode Cymbal actuator was invented.They all have shown big bending displacements;(4)We confirmed that piezoelectric single crystal actuators working effectively at very low temperature until -170 ; During this research, we have published five SCI papers and filed 4 Chinese Patents.

英文关键词： Piezoelectric single crystal; ultrasonic; actuator; micromotor