核电装备关键构件热疲劳仿生防护技术

项目名称： 核电装备关键构件热疲劳仿生防护技术

项目编号： No.11272080

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 吴承伟

作者单位： 大连理工大学

项目金额： 86万元

中文摘要： 核电站有大量构件工作在高温、高压、辐射等复杂环境中，构件表面经常出现热疲劳裂纹甚至热疲劳断裂，即使微小热疲劳裂纹一旦遇到地震或其它突发外载荷作用也可能引发灾难性事故。由于核电装备对材料成分要求严格，采用镀膜等常规技术很难解决热疲劳问题，属于世界性难题。本项目以核电装备关键构件为主要研究对象，以仿生优化设计、多尺度数值分析和实验研究为主要研究手段，研究核电关键构件的热疲劳裂纹萌生、扩展机理与仿生防护技术等相关科学问题。受生物材料启发，主要通过优化设计材料表面和亚表面几何微结构来实现大幅度提高材料的抗热冲击和抗热疲劳性能，从而起到事半功倍的效果。最终提出核电装备关键构件热疲劳裂纹创新仿生防护技术，为我国核电技术可持续发展做出贡献。

中文关键词： 仿生力学；仿生设计；热冲击；热疲劳；核电

英文摘要： In nuclear power stations there are a lot of key structures and parts working under the conditions of high temperature, high pressure, radiation, and etc. Thermal fatigue cracks often occur on the surfaces of the structures and parts. Even though a small crack, it may cause a terrible disaster in case that the structures/parts are subjected to earthquake or other forces resulting from an unexpected incident. Due to the strict requirement for structure materials in nuclear power equipment, the traditional technologies, such as surface coating, are hardly used to protect the thermal fatigue cracks in nuclear equipment, which is one of the most difficult technology problems in the world. In this project, we focus on the study of the thermal fatigue protection problem in nuclear power equipment. Taking bionic optimization design,multiscale numerical analysis and experimental research as the main research methods, we investigate the scientific problems related to the crack initiation, propagation and protection technology. Inspired by the biomaterials, a new bionic material will be designed and manufactured by means of optimization design of the multiscale surface microstructure and sub-surface microstructure, so that the thermal shock resistance and the thermal fatigue life of the bionic material can be enhanced sub

英文关键词： Bionic mechanics；bionic design；heat impacting；heat fatigue；nuclear power