水环境中纳米材料形态的分析新方法、转化机制及生物效应

项目名称： 水环境中纳米材料形态的分析新方法、转化机制及生物效应

项目编号： No.21337004

项目类型： 重点项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 化学工业

项目作者： 刘景富

作者单位： 中国科学院生态环境研究中心

项目金额： 300万元

中文摘要： 真实环境水体中纳米材料(NMs)的物理与化学形态是决定其环境过程和生物效应的关键因素,而目前相关研究方法的缺乏是制约该领域研究取得突破的瓶颈。本项目拟针对水环境中典型NMs物理化学形态高度动态变化的特点，通过应用同位素标记、单颗粒ICP-MS、多接收ICP-MS、X射线吸收精细结构光谱、拉曼光谱以及在线联用等新技术，发展测定NMs物理化学形态的新方法；深入研究溶解性有机质、共存离子、pH、溶解氧、光照、温度及胞外聚合物等多种环境因素对典型NMs（Ag, Fe, ZnO, TiO2, C60, 碳纳米管）物理化学形态转化(团聚、分散、氧化、还原、氯化、硫化）的影响；并结合生物暴露实验研究这些形态转化所引起的生物效应（吸收、食物链传递、毒性效应）。项目的实施，可望揭示真实水环境中多种因素对NMs物理化学形态转化及其生物效应的影响机制，为科学评估NMs的环境风险提供关键技术和基础数据。

中文关键词： 纳米材料;形态分析;转化机制;生物效应;水环境

英文摘要： The physical forms and chemical species of nanomaterials (NMs) in real environmental waters are the key parameters that control the environmental processes and bio-effects of NMs, but currently the lack of study methodology restricted the achievement of breakthrough in this area. Given the high-dynamic characteristics of NMs, in this research we plan to develop various new methods for analyzing the physical forms and chemical species of NMs by using new mechanism and techniques such as stable isotope-labelling, single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), multiple-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS), Raman spectroscopy, extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), and hyphenated techniques. With these developed methods, we will study the impacts of dissolved organic matter (DOM), coexisted ions, dissolved oxygen, sunlight, temperature, extracellular polymeric substances and pH on the aggregation/dispersion and chemical transformation (oxidization, reduction, chloridization and sulfurization) of some typical NMs like nano-Ag, nano-Fe, nano-ZnO, nano-TiO2, C60 and carbon nanotubes. The uptake, transfer in food chain and toxicity to organisms resulted from the variation of physical forms and chemical species of NMs will also be investigated. It is expected that the implement of this project will reveal the mechanism for the variation of physical forms and chemical species of NMs resulted from the variation of environmental parameters, as well as the environmental processes and biological effects of these variation, which can provide key and fundamental data for evaluating the environmental risk of NMs.

英文关键词： Nanomaterials;Speciation Analysis ;Transformation Mechanism;Biological Effects;Environmental Waters