生物藻类衍生N-掺杂炭材料的结构调控及用于钠离子体系负极材料储能研究

项目名称： 生物藻类衍生N-掺杂炭材料的结构调控及用于钠离子体系负极材料储能研究

项目编号： No.21471139

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 王焕磊

作者单位： 中国海洋大学

项目金额： 85万元

中文摘要： 从资源安全角度出发，寻找锂离子体系替代品至关重要。由于钠资源丰富，基于钠离子体系的研究受到广泛重视。炭材料是最具应用潜力的钠离子体系负极材料之一，但是比容量较低、倍率性能以及循环稳定性欠佳的问题，使其无法与石墨在锂离子体系中的性能表现相媲美。制备具有一定孔隙结构的N-掺杂炭材料有望解决上述问题，提高炭材料的电化学性能。因合成方法的限制，N-掺杂炭材料普遍存在如何实现官能团可控调变、降低制备成本的问题。本项目拟引入绿色制备理念，采用富含蛋白质生物质-生物藻类为前驱体，探索制备N-掺杂炭材料的新技术，并实现对含氮官能团种类和含量的调控。结合电化学分析，揭示炭材料微结构、孔结构、官能团种类对电化学储钠机制的影响，提出限制储钠容量的关键因素。上述生物藻类衍生N-掺杂炭材料有望成为高比容量、低成本、高倍率和长寿命的新型负极材料。在此基础上，组装钠离子电容器，并为高能量钠离子电容器设计组装打下基础。

中文关键词： 多孔炭；氮掺杂；结构调控；钠离子电池；负极材料

英文摘要： Based on the wide availability and low cost of sodium, sodium-based systems can provide an alternative option to lithium-based systems, and have been received extensive attention. Carbonaceous material is one of the most promising anodes for sodium-ion batteries. However, carbons in sodium-based systems face the problems of the low capacity, unqualified cyclability and rate performance, which makes it hard to approach the electrochemical characteristics of graphite in lithium-based systems. Development of nitrogen-doped carbons with suitable porosity is an efficient way to solve above-mentioned problems and improve the electrochemical performance. Due to the limitation of synthesis methods, how to control the type of functional groups and reduce the preparation cost still challenge the preparation of nitrogen-doped carbons. In this project, we proposed a novel green synthesis strategy, and nitrogen-doped carbons with controlled functional groups and structure can be obtained by using protein-rich biomass-algae as the precursors. Combined with electrochemical evaluation, the relationship among microstructure, porous structure, functional groups and sodium storage mechanisms can be clarified, which can help to find the limiting factors for enhancing capacity and rate capability. Algae-based biomass derived nitrogen-doped carbon material may become a dominate candidate as electrode material for sodium-based energy storage devices with high capacity, low cost, excellent rate capability and long cycle life. Based on the half-cell analysis, the fabrication of sodium-ion capacitor is also performed, which can be beneficial for the development of next-generation capacitors.

英文关键词： porous carbon;nitrogen doping;structure control;sodium-ion batteries;anode materials