计重收费策略下的复杂车辆路径问题研究

项目名称： 计重收费策略下的复杂车辆路径问题研究

项目编号： No.71201065

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 管理科学与工程

项目作者： 秦虎

作者单位： 华中科技大学

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 计重收费是我国独有的高速公路收费政策，即车辆的通行费与车重和行驶距离相关。文献中大多数车辆路径模型都假设车辆成本仅与行驶距离相关，而不考虑车重的因素，因此这些模型无法用来优化我国高速公路系统中车辆的路径。计重收费政策尚未被其他国家采用，并且此政策在我国实施的时间不长，因此计重收费相关的车辆路径问题受到的关注非常少。本项目研究在计重收费策略下如何优化车辆的路径，重点研究两个有代表性的、贴近实际的、并且非常复杂的车辆路径问题:(1)计重收费策略、带时间窗和允许货物拆分下的车辆路径问题；和(2)计重收费策略和三维装箱下的车辆路径问题。这两个问题都是新问题，我们将先对问题和计重收费函数的特点进行分析，然后设计精确算法，新颖的启发式算法，超启发式算法和混合启发式算法等方法对其进行求解。本项目有利于将计重收费策略下的车辆路径问题推向国际学术前沿，同时可以为我国的运输企业提供切实可行的、有效的解决方案。

中文关键词： 计重收费；运输；车辆路径问题；启发式算法；分支定价切平面算法

英文摘要： Toll-by-weight is a unique scheme for collecting tolls on Chinese expressways, whereby expressway tolls are collected based on the weight and traveling distance of the vehicle. Most vehicle routing models assume that the cost of traversing each edge is equivalent to the edge length or is proportional to some constant; as a result,such models cannot be practically applied to the Chinese expressway transportation system. The toll-by-weight scheme is not adopted by other contries and has been implemented in China only for a short time period, thus the vechile routing problems involving the toll-by-weight scheme received little attention.This project studies how to optimally design the routes of vehicles under the toll-by-weight scheme, focusing on two typical and practical but complex problems: (1) The vehicle routing problem with toll-by-weight, split delivery and time windows; and (2) The three-dimensional loading vehicle routing problem with toll-by-weight scheme. Based on the characteristics of the problems and the toll-by-weight schemes, we will design advanced exact algorithms, novel heuristics, meta-heuristics and hybrid meta-heuristics to solve the problems. This project will promote the study of various vehicle routing problems under the toll-by-weight scheme and provide operable and effective solution pro

英文关键词： toll-by-weight；transportation；vehicle routing problem；heuristic；branch-and-price-and-cut algorithm