核电厂数字化主控室操纵员作业行为动态可靠性分析方法研究

项目名称： 核电厂数字化主控室操纵员作业行为动态可靠性分析方法研究

项目编号： No.71501068

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 管理科学

项目作者： 邹衍华

作者单位： 湖南工学院

项目金额： 17.4万元

中文摘要： 数字化控制技术的采用改变了核电厂主控室操纵员的认知环境和工作方式，给操纵员的任务执行带来了新的风险。传统的人因可靠性分析方法已难以满足数字化控制系统中操纵员作业行为可靠性分析的要求，开展数字化控制系统中的人因可靠性分析方法研究是当前国际上研究的前沿和热点问题。本项目针对核电厂数字化主控室操纵员的作业行为动态可靠性问题，以操纵员主要任务中的四个基本作业行为单元（监视、状态评估、响应计划、响应执行）为研究对象，探究数字化主控室情境环境中操纵员的作业行为特征及失误机理，揭示操纵员作业行为的逻辑动态演化机制和动态可靠性变化规律。项目最终将建立一种充分考虑了数字化情境环境因素对核电厂主控室操纵员作业行为影响的动态可靠性分析方法，以期补充和完善现有人因可靠性分析体系。本项目的成功实施将为核电厂操纵员作业行为失误分析和失误预防提供方法指导，将对在役系统人因事故防范、操纵员培训与考核等领域做出积极的贡献。

中文关键词： 数字化主控室；动态可靠性分析方法；操纵员作业行为；布尔网络；人的失误与可靠性

英文摘要： Operators' cognitive environment and operation behaviors were changed after digital control technologies were adopted in nuclear power plant (NPP) main control room, these bring some new risks for operators when they are performing tasks. Traditional human reliability analysis (HRA) method has been difficult to meet the requirements of reliability analysis for operators' behaviors in digital control system (DCS), developing the HRA methods for DCS is the hot issue and frontier issue in the worldwide. To address the dynamic reliability analysis problem of operators' behaviors in NPP digital main control room, this project takes the four basic operation behaviors (monitoring, situation assessment, response planning, response implementation) as research object, explore the characteristics and failure mechanism of operators' behaviors in digital main control room context, the logic dynamic evolution mechanism and dynamic reliability variation of operators' behaviors were revealed, finally a dynamic reliability analysis method was established which full consideration of digital situational environmental factors effect on operators' behaviors in NPP main control room. This approach can improve the existing framework of HRA. Successful implementation of this project can provide the guideline for error analysis and prevention of operators' behaviors in NPP, and will make a positive contribution for preventing human failure event and providing support for operators' training and assessment.

英文关键词： digital main control room;dynamic reliability analysis method;operators' behaviors;boolean network;human error and reliability