两轮车与汽车碰撞事故的逆向动力学研究及应用

项目名称： 两轮车与汽车碰撞事故的逆向动力学研究及应用

项目编号： No.51475287

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 机械、仪表工业

项目作者： 金先龙

作者单位： 上海交通大学

项目金额： 84万元

中文摘要： 在我国，两轮车交通事故伤亡人数超过全部交通事故伤亡人数的50%。特别是：近年来在我国许多城市的交叉路口，屡屡发生两轮车与大型工程专用汽车碰撞事故，连续导致人员伤亡，引起社会广泛关注。为了深入分析这类事故中人员伤亡原因，探索预防人员伤亡的途径，本项目提出对两轮车与汽车碰撞事故逆向动力学进行系统性研究。其主要研究目标和内容包括：建立两轮车与汽车碰撞事故逆向动力学的理论体系，形成具有自主知识产权的两轮车与汽车碰撞事故逆向动力学的系统建模理论和优化求解方法。通过物理模型试验和真实事故监控视频验证两轮车与汽车碰撞事故逆向动力学理论和方法的正确性和可靠性。应用两轮车与汽车碰撞事故逆向动力学理论与方法，分析真实事故中的人体损伤机理，提出人体防护措施，评价防护措施的有效性，为交通事故的科学鉴定和交通工具的合理设计提供理论依据和技术支撑。这对于提高道路交通安全性，减少人员伤亡，具有重要理论意义和实用价值。

中文关键词： 动力学；逆向动力学；碰撞事故；两轮车；汽车

英文摘要： More than 50 percent of the traffic accident casualties are caused by the two-wheeled vehicle traffic accidents in China. Particularly, in recent years, the frequent occurrence and continuous casualties of two-wheeled vehicle and large special-purpose engineering truck collisions at the crossroads of the cities, have aroused widespread concerns. In order to in-depth analyze the reasons, and explore ways to prevent casualties of this type of accident, the project proposes a systematic study method of the reverse dynamics of the two-wheeled vehicle and automobile collisions. The main research work includes: the establishment of the inverse dynamics theory of the two-wheeled vehicle and automobile collision event, as well as the formation of the modeling theory system and the optimization method of inverse dynamics of the two-wheeled vehicle and automobile collisions with independent intellectual property. Physical model tests and real accident two-wheeled vehicle and automobile collisions monitoring videos will be used to verify the accuracy and reliability of the dynamics theory and methods. Through the applications of the reverse dynamics theory and methods of two-wheeled vehicles and automobile collision, the mechanism of human injury in real incidents would be analyzed, protective measures would be proposed, and the theory basis and technical support for the scientific appraisal of traffic accidents and the rational designs of transports should also be provided. It is of an important theoretical and practical guidance value for improving road safety and reducing casualties.

英文关键词： dynamics;inverse dynamics;collision accident;two-wheeled vehicle;automobile