碳载“双功能”催化剂正极的可控构筑及锂空气电池性能研究

项目名称： 碳载“双功能”催化剂正极的可控构筑及锂空气电池性能研究

项目编号： No.21203025

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 物理化学

项目作者： 李加新

作者单位： 福建师范大学

项目金额： 24万元

中文摘要： 优选高效"双功能"催化剂，构筑有效微结构的正极是开发有机系锂空气电池中的关键所在。本项目拟发展电沉积法可控构筑碳载"双功能"催化剂复合电极技术作为解决之道。利用掺氮处理的石墨烯、碳纳米角、碳黑为碳正极活性物，辅以单/多壁碳纳米管作为电极电导网络；以二氧化锰为"双功能"主催化剂，辅以其他金属氧化物或贵金属为增强催化剂；通过调节电沉积条件- - 电压、电流密度、镀液参数及温度、磁场、超声等因素来调控催化剂的晶相形貌及其分散性，实现有效微结构复合电极的可控构筑。探讨碳载"双功能"催化剂复合电极的电沉积可控构筑机制；系统考察复合电极的锂空气电池电化学性能；揭示电极和催化剂微结构及尺寸效应对提高氧还原效率和促进氧析出速率的"双功能"催化的作用机制。此研究有望实现高性能锂空气电池电极材料的研发，为推动锂空气电池的开发进程有重要意义。

中文关键词： 锂空气电池；碳基正极；可控构筑；催化剂；电池性能

英文摘要： To optimize and select high-performance bifunctional catalysts and carbon active materials, and then to fabricate cathodes with effective microstructure is the critical issue for the development of lithium-air batteries using organic electrolyte. This project aims to develop an electrochemical route for controllable preparation of carbon-supported bifunctional catalysts for the synthesis of cathodes. The N-doped carbon-based materials including graphene,carbon nanohorns and carbon black have been investigated as carbon active materials; and single- or multi- walled carbon nanotubes have been using as enhanced conductance network for electrodes. MnO2 supplemented by other metal oxides or noble metals have been used to improve the performance of catalysts. The morphology and dispersion of catalysts have been controlled by adjusting the deposition conditions, such as voltage, current density, composition of solution and temperature, magnetic field, ultrasonic treatment and other deposited factors; and then the cathodes with an effective controlled-framework have been prepared. The mechanism of electrodeposition for fabricating these carbon-supported catalysts have been studied detailedly. The mechanism of which the microstructure and size-effect of catalysts can improve the efficiency of oxygen reduction and promot

英文关键词： Lithium-air batteries；Carbon-based cathodes；Controllable fabrication；Catalysts；Lithium battery performance