低影响开发(LID)生态滤沟技术对旱区城市路面径流的净化机理研究

项目名称： 低影响开发(LID)生态滤沟技术对旱区城市路面径流的净化机理研究

项目编号： No.51279158

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 水利工程

项目作者： 李家科

作者单位： 西安理工大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 随着我国城市化进程的加快，城市面源污染控制和雨洪管理的需求日益突出。道路是城市面源污染的关键源区，本项目以西北旱区典型资源性缺水、生态环境脆弱型城市西安市为研究背景，通过小试、中试和现场等系统性试验，应用Biolog等检测方法，结合统计分析、模型模拟，研究LID生态滤沟技术对城市路面径流中面源污染物(氮、磷、COD、重金属、油脂类、有毒有机物)的净化过程与作用机理。从水质和水量两方面，重点观测填料组合方式、填料厚度、沟宽、淹没区深度与碳源的投加、植被条件、入流水流及污染物特性、降雨间隔时间以及温度等因素对生态滤沟净化效果的影响，建立净化效果与主要影响因素之间的耦合定量关系及数学模型，探讨数学模型在生态滤沟设计中的应用，并开展实例研究。这对城市面源污染防治、雨洪管理和可持续发展具有重要的科学意义和应用价值。同时，又可有力促进水文学、水力学、生态学、土壤学、环境学等学科理论的交叉、创新和发展。

中文关键词： 生态滤沟；旱区；路面径流污染；净化机理；试验研究

英文摘要： With the acceleration of urbanization in China, the demand for urban non-point source pollution(NSP) control and rainwater management is increasingly prominent. The road is a critical source area of urban NSP. This project takes Xi'an city as research background, which is a typical city in resources water shortage and fragile ecological environment in northwest arid region in China. Through systematic tests which are small-scale experiment, pilot test, and field test, applying examination methods including the Biolog method, and combining with statistical analysis and model simulation, the purification process and mechanism of LID ecological filter ditch technology on non-point source pollutant(nitrogen, phosphor,COD,heavy metal, fat class, poisonous organic compounds(PCBs, PAHs)) of urban road surface runoff will be studied. From the water quality and quantity, the influence on purification effect of such factors as the packing combination style, the filler thickness, the wide of ditch, the depth of submerged area, the dosing of carbon source, the characteristics of in flow water and pollutants, the interval time of rainfall, the temperature, the vegetation conditions will be studied. The coupling quantitative relationship between purification effect and main influencing factors, as well as the mathematical sim

英文关键词： bioswale；arid region；road runoff pollution；purification mechanism；experimental study