酸性H2O2基燃料电池用陶瓷纳米阵列复合阴极的制备及构效关系研究

项目名称： 酸性H2O2基燃料电池用陶瓷纳米阵列复合阴极的制备及构效关系研究

项目编号： No.21463017

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 孙丽美

作者单位： 内蒙古民族大学

项目金额： 49万元

中文摘要： 采用H2O2为氧化剂的燃料电池，具有高效、洁净、简单、可靠等突出优点。酸性介质中H2O2电还原电势比碱性介质中高0.9V，但由于其阴极结构和催化性能上的缺陷导致电池实际能量密度远远低于理论值。本研究采用泡沫金属为电极基底，在其上制备陶瓷纳米复合阵列作为电极支撑体，再沉积贵金属纳米颗粒构成复合催化剂，制备液相传质性能、催化性能及稳定性均较佳的电极。通过对电极的结构、贵金属纳米活性组分、H2O2浓度、温度、电解质等对电极性能影响的研究，了解酸性介质中影响电极性能的主要因素及机理。确定酸性介质中最佳电极的组成、结构、制备方法及制备条件。为进一步提高H2O2基燃料电池性能打下坚实基础。

中文关键词： 陶瓷；纳米阵列；过氧化氢；构效关系；燃料电池

英文摘要： The fuel cell using H2O2 as oxidant has important advantages such as efficient, clean, simple,reliably and the potential of H2O2 reduction in acidic medium is more 0.9V than that in alkaline medium. However, the energy density of the fuel cell is actually far lower than the theoretical value because of the defect in structure, corrosion and catalytic performance of the H2O2 cathode.This project prepared a composite electrode having better property in liquid mass transfer, catalytic activity and stability. The electrode used foam metal as base materials and ceramics nanoarrays as electrode support materials, then the noble nanoparticles was deposited on the nanoarrays. The effects of electrode structure, active component of the noble nanoparticles, H2O2 concentration, temperature and constitute of electrolyte on catalytic performance was studied and the influence factor and mechanism of electrode performance in acidic medium were learnt. The constitute, structure,the preparation method and condition of electrode in acidic medium were found. All these work would lay solid foundations for improving performance of the fuel cell with H2O2 oxide.

英文关键词： ceramics;nanoarray;hydrogen peroxide;structure-activity relationship;fuel cell