金属纳米簇-核酸适体生物传感界面的构建及其用于疾病早期诊断的研究

项目名称： 金属纳米簇-核酸适体生物传感界面的构建及其用于疾病早期诊断的研究

项目编号： No.21475032

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 高分子科学

项目作者： 王升富

作者单位： 湖北大学

项目金额： 92万元

中文摘要： 人类重大疾病特异性蛋白质、致病基因和疾病相关活性小分子的超灵敏、高选择性检测对疾病的预防、早期诊断和治疗具有十分重要的意义。与半导体量子点或荧光染料分子相比，金属纳米簇因其毒性低、生物相容性好、粒径小、导电性好、荧光强度高和抗光漂白能力强等特性在生物传感领域具有诱人的应用前景。本项目拟利用金属纳米簇与核酸适体特定碱基间的强亲和力、核酸适体能作为金属纳米簇稳定剂及其对目标物识别的高特异性，构建金属纳米簇-核酸适体纳米生物传感界面并用于疾病早期诊断研究。探索高稳定的金属纳米簇绿色合成方法，研究金属纳米簇-核酸适体生物传感界面与待测物之间的作用机理和光、电传感机理，制备基于金属纳米簇-核酸适体的荧光、试纸条、电致化学发光和电化学生物传感器。建立血清等复杂基质中肿瘤标志物、致病基因和疾病相关活性小分子的超灵敏、高选择性分析方法，为遗传性疾病、恶性肿瘤等重大疾病的早期诊断与治疗提供理论和实践依据。

中文关键词： 生物传感器；金属纳米簇；疾病诊断；核酸适体；分子识别

英文摘要： Ultrasensitive and highly selective quantitative detection of human critical disease-specific proteins, pathogenic genes and disease-related active small molecules have great significance in the prevention, early diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Compared with semiconductor quantum dots and fluorescent dye molecules, the metallicnanoclusters have a promising application in the area of bio-sensing for its great properties of low poisonousness, biocompatibility, small diameter, good conductivity, high fluorescence intensity and strong anti-photobleaching. In this project, for the strong affinity between metallicnanoclusters and aptamers specific bases and aptamers ability to be the stabilizers for metallicnanoclusters and its high specific recognition for targets, metallicnanoclusters-aptamer biosensing interface was constructed and applied to the research of disease early diagnosis. The green synthetic method of high stable metallicnanoclusters was explored and the interaction mechanism and optical, electrical sensing mechanism of metallicnanoclusters-aptamer biosensing interface and the samples was studied. Fluorescence, test strip and electrochemiluminescence, electrochemical biosensors were also made on the bases of the metallicnanoclusters-aptamer complex. Ultrasensitive and high selectivity analytical methods was established to detect tumor markers, pathogenic genes and bioactive small molecules in a complex sample matrix, such as serum, and these will provide experimental and theoretical basis for early diagnosis and therapy of hereditary disease and other critical diseases such as malignant tumor.

英文关键词： biosensors;metallicnanoclusters;disease diagnosis;aptamers;molecular recognition