干旱和盐胁迫下硅诱导番茄可溶性糖积累的机理和作用

项目名称： 干旱和盐胁迫下硅诱导番茄可溶性糖积累的机理和作用

项目编号： No.31471866

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 宫海军

作者单位： 西北农林科技大学

项目金额： 86万元

中文摘要： 硅可提高植物的抗旱抗盐性，但其作用机制仍不清楚。我们发现，硅可促进干旱和盐胁迫下番茄可溶性糖的积累。鉴于可溶性糖在植物抗逆中的作用，推测它的积累在硅诱导番茄抗旱抗盐中起着重要的作用。但目前对硅诱导可溶性糖积累的机理和作用还不清楚。本项目拟分析干旱和盐胁迫下番茄可溶性糖组分及其代谢与转运中关键节点酶活性和基因表达的变化，阐明硅诱导番茄可溶性糖积累的机制、确定可溶性糖积累的关键酶及相关基因；克隆可溶性糖积累的关键酶基因，构建其过表达和RNA干扰转化体系、获得转基因植株，验证其在可溶性糖积累中的作用与硅的调控；以转基因植株及野生型为试材，分析可溶性糖在硅对渗透势调控中的贡献、阐明可溶性糖积累与逆境激素ABA和乙烯之间的关系、明确可溶性糖在抗氧化中的作用。通过该研究，阐明干旱和盐胁迫下硅诱导番茄可溶性糖积累的机理和作用，从而阐明硅提高番茄抗旱抗盐性的机制，为硅肥在番茄生产中的应用提供理论根据。

中文关键词： 番茄；硅；可溶性糖；抗旱抗盐性

英文摘要： Silicon can increase drought and salt tolerance of plants. However, the mechanisms still remain unclear. We find that silicon can enhance the accumulation of soluble sugar in tomato plants under drought and salt stresses. Given the roles of soluble sugar in stress tolerance of plants, it is speculated that the accumulated soluble sugar play important roles in the tolerance of tomato plants to drought and salt stresses. However, the mechanisms and roles of silicon-induced soluble sugar accumulation are still unclear. In this project, the following research will be conducted: (a) clarifying the mechanisms for silicon-induced soluble sugar accumulation in tomato plants under drought and salt stress by analyzing the soluble sugar components, and activity changes of rate-limiting enzymes and their gene expressions in soluble sugar metabolism and transport; and determining the key enzyme and its gene responsible for silicon-induced soluble sugar accumulation; (b) verifying the function of the key gene responsible for soluble sugar accumulation and the regulative role of silicon in soluble sugar accumulation by using over-expression and RNA interference transgenic plants of the key gene; (c) using the above transgenic plants and the wild type as materials, analyzing the contribution of soluble sugar in silicon-induced changes in osmotic potential of plants, clarifying the relationship between soluble sugar accumulation and stress hormone ABA and ethylene, and clarifying the role of soluble sugar in oxidative stress tolerance. Through implementing this project, the mechanisms and roles of silicon-induced soluble sugar accumulation in tomato plants under drought and salt stress will be clarified, which will help to elucidate the mechanisms for silicon-induced drought and salt tolerance in tomato plants. This research will also provide a theoretical basis for silicon application in tomato production.

英文关键词： tomato;silicon;soluble sugar;drought and salt tolerance