基于混杂系统描述的航天器间歇故障诊断与容错控制技术研究

项目名称： 基于混杂系统描述的航天器间歇故障诊断与容错控制技术研究

项目编号： No.61273162

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 自动化技术、计算机技术

项目作者： 沈毅

作者单位： 哈尔滨工业大学

项目金额： 81万元

中文摘要： 空间环境中的大量异常活动容易导致航天器发生间歇故障，已成为影响航天器安全运行的主要威胁之一。为了保证航天器正常运行，避免重大事故，提高生存水平，航天器必须具备自主故障诊断与容错控制能力。本项目针对航天器间歇故障难于侦测和处理的问题，采用概率混杂系统模型研究间歇故障的有效描述方法；研究基于贝叶斯理论和狄利克雷分布的航天器间歇故障诊断方法，结合在轨故障诊断自主性的要求，研究诊断模型中先验信息的在线更新问题；在传感器分布式、多元化、冗余条件下，为了进一步提高故障诊断的准确性，研究基于数据驱动的间歇故障诊断方法，利用一类支持向量机检测故障的发生时间，并将NTF用于故障特征提取与分析；从提高航天器自主性和可靠性的角度出发，综合考虑基于模型的故障诊断结果与基于数据的故障诊断结果，设计具有有序特性的鲁棒容错控制器，根据最优化指标实现鲁棒容错控制器的在线选取，实现对间歇故障的有效处理。

中文关键词： 航天器；间歇故障；故障诊断；容错控制；

英文摘要： Frequently happened abnormal activities in the space environment lead to the presence of intermittent faults, which is one of the most emergent threats in spacecrafts. It is vitally important to provide a spacecraft withs fault diagnosis and fault-tolerance abilities so as to guarantee orbital operations, prevent vital events, and enhance survivability. Being faced with the challenge of monitoring and handling intermittent faults, we propose an effective method to describe intermittent faults by using probabilistic hybrid system models, and then develop a fault diagnosis approach based on the Bayesian theory and Dirichlet distribution. Furthermore, online updating of prior models is studied in order to deal with the autonomy requirement on fault diagnosis. Modern spacecrafts equip with numerous sensors distributively, manifoldly, and redundantly. To further improve the accuracy of fault diagnosis, we study the data-driven fault diagnosis method. Specifically, one-class support vector machine is used to detect the fault presence time, and NTF is exploited to feature extraction and analysis for intermittent faults. Finally, from the perspective of reliability and autonomy of the spacecrafts, multiple ranking robust fault-tolerant controllers are designed by considering both the model-based and the data driven fau

英文关键词： Spacecraft；Intermittent fault；Fault diagnosis；Fault-tolerant control；