有机纳米材料改性聚合物分离膜的结构调控与性能优化

项目名称： 有机纳米材料改性聚合物分离膜的结构调控与性能优化

项目编号： No.21306130

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 化学工业

项目作者： 赵颂

作者单位： 天津大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 纳米材料在聚合物基体中的分散稳定性以及两者的界面相容性是制备纳米复合膜的关键因素。无机纳米材料共混改性聚合物分离膜在这两方面存在着技术瓶颈。为获得高性能纳米复合分离膜，本项目采用有机纳米材料共混改性聚合物分离膜，从分子水平和纳米尺度上设计有机纳米材料的结构，并在功能基团和纳米形貌上实现可控制备，改善纳米材料在聚合物基体中的分散性及两者的界面结构。进而考察有机纳米材料对聚合物分离膜成膜过程、膜结构和膜性能的影响，建立有机纳米材料对聚合物分离膜结构调控和性能优化的理论和方法。在这一理论方法指导下，研制出具有高渗透性能、截留性能、抗污染性能和持久稳定性能的纳米复合超滤膜，以及具有高CO2渗透选择性能、耐高压性能和热稳定性能的纳米复合气体分离膜，为有机纳米材料改性聚合物分离膜提供理论和技术基础，并为研制高性能纳米复合分离膜提供新的思路。

中文关键词： 超滤膜；气体分离膜；聚苯胺；结构调控；性能优化

英文摘要： The dispersion stability of nanomaterials in the polymer matrix and the interface compatibility between them are key factors for preparing nanocomposite membranes. Polymer separation membranes modified by blending with inorganic nanomaterials have technological bottlenecks in these aspects. In order to obtain high-performance nanocomposite membrane, the modification of polymer separation membranes by blending with organic nanomaterials has been proposed in this project. Organic nanomaterials would be designed from the molecular and nanoscale levels and prepared with well-controlled functional groups and nanomorphology, improving the dispersion of the nanomaterials in the polymer matrix and interface structure between them. Thereby, the effect of organic nanomaterials on polymer separation membrane formation, structure and performance would be investigated. The theories and methods of structure regulation and performance optimization of polymer separation membranes using organic nanomaterials would be established. Under the guidance of the theory, nanocomposite ultrafiltration membranes with high permeability, rejection, antifouling performance and stability, and nanocomposite gas separation membranes with high CO2 permselectivity, pressure-resisting performance and thermal stability would be developed. This proj

英文关键词： Ultrafiltration Membrane；Gas Separation Membrane；Polyaniline；Structure Regulation；Performance Optimization