人工纳米材料在水-生物膜体系中的环境行为及其对生物膜活性影响机理研究

项目名称： 人工纳米材料在水-生物膜体系中的环境行为及其对生物膜活性影响机理研究

项目编号： No.51479047

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 其他

项目作者： 侯俊

作者单位： 河海大学

项目金额： 84万元

中文摘要： 人工纳米材料在水体中的环境行为与生物环境安全问题成为水环境污染与生态修复领域研究的热点，人工纳米材料在水-生物膜体系中的环境行为和生物效应及影响机理是迫切需要研究解决的关键科学问题。本项目拟运用水利科学、环境科学、材料科学、生物科学交叉结合的综合研究方法，采用放射性同位素示踪法、高分辨电感耦合等离子体质谱法等先进方法探寻人工纳米材料在水-生物膜体系中的分布归趋和影响机理，使用生物膜微生物分子生物学指标、微生物呼吸活性、抗氧化酶活性生物标志物分析等先进手段揭示人工纳米材料对自然水体中生物膜活性影响和毒性作用机制，建立水环境条件-人工纳米材料环境行为-水生生物（生物膜）毒性效应之间的耦合关系，研发人工纳米材料污染早期生物监测评价和受纳米材料污染水体原位修复的生物膜技术。本研究可深化人工纳米材料在水生态系统中多介质环境行为和生物效应的研究内涵，并为河湖水体中人工纳米材料的污染防治提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 水环境；人工纳米材料；生物膜；环境行为；活性

英文摘要： The environmental behaviors and biological safety of manufactured nanomaterials had become a hotspot in research of environmental pollution and ecological remediation in the water environment. The environmental behaviors and biological effects of manufactured nanomaterials in water-biofilm system and its influence mechanism are the key scientific problems, which are urgent to be solved using comprehensive methods including water science, materials science, biological science, environmental science. In this project, the distribution and fate of manufactured nanomaterials in water-biofilm system will be investigated using radioactive isotope tracer method, high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and other advanced methods. The effects on biofilms' activity and the toxicity mechanism of manufactured nanomaterials will be analyzed through the molecular biology index, the respiratory activity and the antioxidant enzyme activity (biomarker) of microorganism. Thus, the coupling relationships between water environmental conditions，environmental behaviors of manufactured nanomaterials，and toxic effects on aquatic organisms (biofilm) will be established to develop the biofilm technology for biological monitoring and evaluation for early nanomaterials pollution and in situ restoration for the nano-polluted water. The goal of our research is to gain a better understanding of the manufactured nanomaterials' environmental behaviors and biological effects in multi-medium of water ecosystem, also to provide a scientific basis for pollution control of manufactured nanomaterials in rivers and lakes.

英文关键词： water environment;manufactured nanomaterials;biofilms;Environmental behaviors;activity