日珥及针状体精细结构的高分辨成像及光谱观测研究

项目名称： 日珥及针状体精细结构的高分辨成像及光谱观测研究

项目编号： No.11473064

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 徐稚

作者单位： 中国科学院云南天文台

项目金额： 90万元

中文摘要： 日珥和针状体是太阳色球层中最常见的具有复杂动力学特征的活动现象，是太阳边缘实测的传统目标。该课题旨在依托我国抚仙湖太阳观测站的重要观测设备，并结合其他新一代地面或空间观测设备，在亚角秒空间分辨率的条件下，对太阳日珥和巨型针状体的精细结构进行光谱以及成像观测研究。主要研究内容包括：1.综合分析日珥或针状体精细结构的各类运动模式。2.利用不同模型假设和推导方法，获得高空间分辨率的大气状态参数及其时间演化，分析精细结构之间的物理状态差别。3.力图在抚仙湖一米红外太阳望远镜（NVST）开展He I 10830 谱线的偏振观测，用以探测日珥的磁场结构及其动力学特征。该课题的意义在于：1.紧扣NVST科学目标，综合利用成像和光谱观测手段对日珥以及针状体的动力学特征及磁场特征进行分析，弥补单色像研究的局限性；2.该课可积极推动NVST各项终端设备的发展和科研队伍的壮大。

中文关键词： 太阳物理；太阳活动；暗条爆发；等离子体

英文摘要： Solar prominences are magnetic and dynamic structures confining a cool and dense plasma in the hot solar corona. It appears in emission when it is seen above the solar limb (and in absorption as it is seen against the solar disk). Solar spicules are elongated, thin and also highly dynamic emission features seen from the solar limb (and they are known as fibrils or mottles seen on the disk). Both of them are most remarkable features between the chromosphere and corona and may provide significant mass and energy to the corona. This proposal aim to study the prominences and macro-spicules observed from near and off solar limb with high resolution. Some new observations with unprecedented high resolution obtained by spacecrafts have shown that both features actually comprise many dynamic fine structures. High resolution observations have become very attractive because some observations have been in conflict with the models we previously knew. Therefore it is necessary to investigate the dynamic characteristic and the plasma parameters of these fine structures, in order to better understand the general properties of the prominence and spicules. In the present project we propose to use the observation facilities in Fuxian Solar Observatory, particularly the New Vacuum Solar Telescope (NVST), to obtain high-spatial and high-spectral observations of solar prominences and macro-spicules. We would like to investigate the following aspects. (1) We will study different types of motions of fine structures including field-aligned flows, swaying and torsional motions with high resolution images and spectra observations. (2) We would like take advantage of different atmosphere models and different spectral inversion techniques to infer the plasma parameters of these fine structures. (3) We attempt to carry out the spectral-polarization observation of He I 10830 in NVST in order to obtaine the magnetic field information inside prominences. This proposal, on one hand, will rich the present analysis of prominences and macro-spicules based on images observations via combining the high-spectral resolution and multi-wavelength observations.On the other hand, the observation plan involved in this proposal provides a good challenge to improve the observation capability of the NVST.

英文关键词： solar physics;solar phenomena;filaments eruption;plasma