面向免组装机构的数字化设计与激光快速制造基础研究

项目名称： 面向免组装机构的数字化设计与激光快速制造基础研究

项目编号： No.51275179

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 机械、仪表工业

项目作者： 杨永强

作者单位： 华南理工大学

项目金额： 85万元

中文摘要： 本项目研究利用激光快速成型技术直接制造免组装机构的基础问题，包括机械机构的数字化设计与组装、材料和成型工艺等方面。探索面向激光快速成型的免组装机械机构的设计方法，包括零件及功能机构设计与装配，装配间隙与装配角度设计，开发相应的软件；研究免组装机构所涉及的金属、非金属粉末材料的选区激光熔化快速成型工艺及其影响因素；探索单种材料和多种材料的激光快速成型机理及多种材料同时成型的关键技术问题；研究免组装机构的激光快速成型直接制造工艺，包括激光工艺参数，粉末铺设参数，扫描策略，保护气体，成型位置摆放，间隙大小以及悬垂结构、粉末粘附等关键工艺问题。本项目提出的免组装机构制造方法突破了传统的设计和制造理念，将机构从零部件制造到装配的传统方法，改变为数字化组装直接快速制造，无须后续组装工序，具有更大的设计自由程度，可以更好地实现功能并缩短制造周期，大力推动现代设计与制造机械机构技术的发展。

中文关键词： 免组装机构；激光选区熔化；快速成型；多种材料成型；数字化设计

英文摘要： This project aims to research the fundamental issues during direct manufacturing of non-assembly mechanisms by laser rapid prototyping, including digital design and assembly, material and process. Design of non-assembly mechanism for laser rapid prototyping is introduced to explore the design of components, the assembly of functional mechanism, the design of clearance, the selection of assembly angle and the needed software. The Selective Lase Melting (SLM) and the metal or non-metal materials for non-assembly mechanisms are then studied. The selective laser melting mechanism of single material and multiple materials are analysed respectively, especially the key technologies for multiple materials. Apart from the above issues, the process of laser direct manufacturing of non-assembly mechanism is investigated, focused on the laser parameters, powder spreading parameters, scanning strategy, shielding gas, powder initial state and key process issues, such as overhang structure and powder sticking. The direct manufacturing of non-assembly mechanism overturns the conventional design and manufacturing concept. The mechanism can be designed with more design freedom and be manufactured within shorter cycle since it is digitally designed and sequentially directly manufactured by rapid prototyping without post-assembly.

英文关键词： Non-assembly mechanism；Selective laser melting；Rapid prototyping；Multiple materials；Digital design