项目名称: 鞍型场中对流层低层β中尺度涡旋形成的动力机制研究
项目编号: No.41275099
项目类型: 面上项目
立项/批准年度: 2013
项目学科: 天文学、地球科学
项目作者: 姜勇强
作者单位: 中国人民解放军理工大学
项目金额: 76万元
中文摘要: 鞍型场中常常形成对流层低层β中尺度涡旋,造成暴雨甚至特大暴雨。在β中尺度涡旋南侧常存在中尺度低空急流。当暴雨发生时,对流层低层β中尺度涡旋与中尺度急流加强,β中尺度涡旋与鞍型场、急流、降水之间存在密切的关系。利用日本气象厅20 km再分析资料、卫星云图和TBB、地面自动气象站以及多普勒雷达等资料,对稳定鞍型场中β中尺度涡旋形成暴雨的历史个例进行分析,为数值模拟提供研究基础。利用高分辨率中尺度WRF模式对稳定鞍型场中的中尺度风场扰动激发对流层低层β中尺度涡旋进行数值试验,在模式中分别采用干、湿物理过程的情况下,进行不同位置、不同强度、不同尺度的多组风场扰动的敏感性数值试验,并对β中尺度涡旋形成和发展过程中的涡度方程进行动力诊断分析,建立鞍型场中对流层低层β中尺度涡旋形成和发展机理的概念模型,为鞍型场暴雨预报提供科学依据。
中文关键词: 鞍型场;暴雨;中尺度;风场扰动;涡旋
英文摘要: The low-level meso-β scale vortex (MβV) resulting heavy rainfalls usually forms in the col field, in association with a mesoscale low-level jet (mLLJ) to the south of MβV. The MβV and the mLLJ intensify with the onset of the rainfall. The MβV has a close relationship with the col field, mLLJ and rainfall. By using the regional spectral model (RSM) 20-km horizontal resolution data of Japan Meteorological Agency, satellite cloud image, TBB data, automatic weather station data and Doppler radar data, the events of heavy rainfall caused by the low-level MβVs in col field are analyzed. The formation of low-level MβV triggered by mesoscale wind perturbation in stable col field is numerically simulated with a high horizontal resolution mesoscale model WRF. In the cases of dry and moist model physical processes, the sensitivity of the different locations, intensification and scales of the wind perturbation on the low-level MβV are numerically simulated, and the vorticity equation is dynamic analyzed during the processes of MβV formation and development. The conceptual model of low-level MβV formation and development mechanism is set up, providing a scientific basis for heavy rainfall forecast in the col field.
英文关键词: col field;heavy rainfall;mesoscale;wind perturbation;vortex