分布式混合SAR/ISAR对复杂运动舰船目标成像关键技术与新方法研究

项目名称： 分布式混合SAR/ISAR对复杂运动舰船目标成像关键技术与新方法研究

项目编号： No.61471149

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 无线电电子学、电信技术

项目作者： 王勇

作者单位： 哈尔滨工业大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 复杂运动舰船目标的雷达成像是雷达成像领域的重点和难点，具有很大的军用和民用价值。本项目研究分布式混合SAR/ISAR对复杂运动舰船目标成像中的关键技术和新方法，相对于传统的成像方法而言具有独特的优势和应用前景。通过对不同平台雷达回波进行联合处理，获得具有更高方位分辨率的雷达图像。首先从宽带回波中估计出目标的旋转参数，在此基础上进行回波数据预处理，为后续的雷达成像奠定基础；然后完成不同雷达平台对舰船目标的SAR初步成像过程，并从SAR图像中提取出舰船目标的回波数据。进而采用ISAR技术实现对舰船目标的精确成像，包括雷达系统工作状态稳定情况下采用参数估计的方法获得目标瞬态像，以及雷达工作状态发生改变导致方位孔径稀疏情况下，采用压缩感知算法解决成像数据随机缺失情况下的成像问题；最后将不同雷达平台所获得的ISAR像进行融合，得到等效的具有高方位分辨率的综合图像。

中文关键词： ISAR成像；运动补偿；成像算法

英文摘要： Radar imaging of ship targets with complex motion is very important and difficult in the radar imaging domain with great military and civilian applications. In this item, the key technique and new method of distributed hybrid synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging of ship targets with complex motion is studied. Compared with the traditional radar imaging algorithms, the distributed hybrid SAR/ISAR technique has unique advantage and wide application foreground. The higher cross range resolution compared with single radar can be obtained by processing the echoes of different radar platforms simultaneously. The rotational parameters are estimated from the wideband echoes at first, and then the preprocessing procedure for the received signals is implemented as the basis for the forthcoming radar imaging procedure. Then, the primary SAR imaging processing for different radar platforms are implemented, and the echo signals for ship target are seperated from the SAR images. Consequently, the ISAR imaging algorithm for different radar platform is studied, where two cases are considered. One is the radar works stably and the parameters estimation technique is used to generate the instantaneous ISAR images, the other is that the radar work condition is changed, and the aperture becomes sparse, the Compressive Sensing algorithm is used to solve the ISAR imaging problem of random missing observations in the imaging data. Finally, the equivalent synthetic image with high cross range resolution can be obtained by integrating the ISAR images for different radar platforms.

英文关键词： ISAR imaging;motion compensation;imaging algorithm