利用介观层状杂化材料的剪裁制备金属氧化物纳米材料

项目名称： 利用介观层状杂化材料的剪裁制备金属氧化物纳米材料

项目编号： No.21273249

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 马颖

作者单位： 华中科技大学

项目金额： 82万元

中文摘要： 不同于生长动力学控制的"自下而上"的 纳米材料制备方法，"自上而下"的化学剪裁方法由于显著的优点（高单分散小尺寸、高结晶性和相同的表面性质），正在成为纳米材料制备的新生领域，但是其中的物理化学过程还不为人所了解，无法实现剪裁的精确控制和推广应用。本项目拟借助离子交换或配体置换作用，将层状金属氧化物和氢氧化物材料转化为长链胺或羧酸、具有苯环的双齿配体插层的介观层状杂化材料，或者直接制备氧化物介观层状杂化材料，再利用高温分解或硫化作用对杂化材料进行剪裁，通过温度、升温速度、反应气氛和反应介质的精确控制和调节，实现不同程度的剪裁，制备金属氧化物纳米颗粒、纳米线和纳米片结构。通过对这一过程吸收光谱、颗粒大小和形状、表面电荷等的原位监测和结构分析测定，研究剪裁过程的物理化学本质，阐明氧化物、氢氧化物层结构拆分的关键结构因素和临界实验条件，发展具有普适意义的"自上而下"纳米材料的化学剪裁制备方法。

中文关键词： 金属氧化物；纳米材料；可控剪裁；介观层状杂化材料；形貌调控

英文摘要： As a novel technique, "top-down" cutting has attracted growing interest in nanomaterials synthesis due to small size, high crystallinity and similar surface properties of the products. Up to date, physical and chemical processes during cutting are still unknown, which hinders the fine control and extensive application of the "top-down" cutting method. In this project, we will firstly synthesize lamellar mesostructrued metal oxides (hydroxides)-amine with long carbon chains (carboxylic acid with long carbon chains or bidentate ligand with benzene ring) hybrid materials by ion exchange of layered metal oxides (hydroxides) or by hydrothermal/solvothermal method. These lamellar mesostructured hybrid materials will be then heated to thermolysis or sulfidation to prepare metal oxides nanomaterials with different shapes by carefully controlling temperature, heating rate, and solvent in air or inert environment. At the same time, we will try to understand the physical and chemical essence of the cutting process by in-situ investigation of the absorption spectra, particle size and surface charges of the reaction system. Finally, we hope to develop a general "top-down" cutting method to prepare metal oxide nanomaterials.

英文关键词： metal oxides；nanomaterials；chemical cutting；lamellar mesostructured hybrid materials；shape control