贵金属基核壳结构多功能复合纳米材料的构筑及其性能研究

项目名称： 贵金属基核壳结构多功能复合纳米材料的构筑及其性能研究

项目编号： No.21303029

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 李国栋

作者单位： 国家纳米科学中心

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 贵金属基核壳结构纳米材料在光学、电学、磁学、生物、传感和催化等诸多方面具有广泛的应用价值，引起了科学家的广泛关注。虽然，文献报道了利用不同的策略构筑贵金属基核壳结构纳米材料，但是获得的壳层材料主要集中于几类典型的金属氧化物，种类较少，功能单一，对贵金属胶体粒子性能的调控能力有限。本项目拟以拓展壳层的种类和增强其功能性为出发点，通过调控溶液中壳层材料的成核和增长过程，构建以贵金属胶体粒子为核、复合金属氧化物和功能性金属-有机骨架材料为壳的核壳结构多功能复合纳米材料，实现不同类型材料的性能协同。本项目将重点探讨壳层材料在贵金属胶体粒子表面的异相成核和生长机理，阐明贵金属胶体粒子与壳层材料间界面的微观结构特征。借助于典型的催化反应体系，结合多种表征手段和密度泛函理论，揭示核壳型纳米材料的微观结构对其催化性能的调控规律。

中文关键词： 贵金属纳米粒子；金属氧化物；金属有机骨架材料；核壳结构；多相催化

英文摘要： The core-shell nanocomposites containing noble metal cores have been attracting much scientists' interest due to their broad applications in optics, electronics, magnetism, biology, sensing and catalysis. Though different strategies have been developed to fabricate these core-shell nanocomposites, most of the obtained shell materials are limited to several typical metal oxides, leading to few types of functionalities. As a result, the core-shell nanocomposites possess the limited capacity to tailor the properties of noble metal nanoparticles. Aimming at extending the types of the shells and improving their functionalities, this proposal suggests to design and fabricate the multifunctional nanocomposites containing noble-metal cores by controlling the nucleation and growth process of the shell materials in the solution. Such composites can realize the function synergy of varying materials in single nanostructure. In this proposal, the mechanism of heterogeneous nucleation and growth of the shells on the surface of noble metal nanoparticle cores will be studied in detail, and the interfacial structures between the cores and the shells will be disclosed. By using different types of characterization methods and density functional theory (DFT), the structural effect of the core-shell nanocomposites on their catalytic

英文关键词： noble metal nanoparticle；metal oxide；metal-organic frameworks；core-shell structure；heterogeneous catalysis