阴极还原脱氯-阳极电化学氧化耦合催化降解酚类有机污染物效能与机理

项目名称： 阴极还原脱氯-阳极电化学氧化耦合催化降解酚类有机污染物效能与机理

项目编号： No.51478014

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 其他

项目作者： 孙治荣

作者单位： 北京工业大学

项目金额： 86万元

中文摘要： 电催化还原脱氯是实现氯代有机污染物无毒无害化降解的环境友好的预处理方法，目前研究中存在着脱氯效率低、阳极未利用、能源浪费等问题。项目采用阴极还原脱氯-阳极电化学氧化耦合催化降解的方法，在实现氯酚类污染物阴极还原脱氯的同时，将阳极用于难降解的不含氯的酚类污染物的氧化降解，以同时实现污染物高效降解和能源高效利用。为了解决目前研究中存在的阴极脱氯效率低、阳极氧化效率低、电化学过程传质效率低等问题，拟研究制备以多孔钛网为基体材料的电催化还原脱氯活性高、性能稳定的石墨烯修饰的载Pd催化阴极，以微孔钛板为基体材料的、电氧化活性高的Sc等掺杂的SnO2-Sb催化阳极，优化调控阴阳极耦合条件，分析石墨烯、聚吡咯、表面活性剂与金属催化剂钯颗粒之间的相互作用及其与电催化活性的关系，探讨多氯苯酚的脱氯路径与机理、电催化氧化的反应动力学与氧化机制，为实现低耗、高效的氯酚类污染物的无毒无害化降解提供理论依据。

中文关键词： 电化学还原脱氯；电化学氧化；耦合；酚类；难降解污染物

英文摘要： The electrocatalytic reductive dechlorination is an environmental friendly pretreatment method for achieving the chlorinated organic pollutants being degraded nontoxically and harmlessly. While, the problems of low dechlorination efficiency, unused anode and energy waste, are existed in the present research. In this project, the coupling catalytic degradation of cathodic reductive dechlorination and anodic electrochemical oxidation is adopted to achieve dechlorination of chlorophenols at cathode and oxidative degradation of refractory non-chlorinated phenols at anode simultaneously. In this way, the effective pollutant degradation and the efficient energy utilization can be achieved at the same time. To solve the problems existed in the present research, such as low dechlorination efficiency at cathode, low oxidation efficiency at anode and low mass transfer efficiency in the electrochemical process, graphene modified palladium-loaded cathode with high electrocatalytic reductive dechlorination activity and high stability will be prepared using meshed titanium as substrate, and rare earth elements doped SnO2-Sb anode (e.g. Sc) with high electrocatalytic oxidation activity will be prepared using micro-porous titanium plate as substrate. The coupling conditions of cathodic and anodic reactions will be optimized. The interaction of graphene, polypyrrole and surfactant with palladium particles, and their roles in the electrocatalytic activity, will be studied. The dechlorination pathway and mechanism of polychlorinated phenols, as well as the electrocatalytic oxidation kinetics and mechanism of non-chlorinated phenols, will be investigated. The research will provide the theoretical basis for the nontoxic and harmless degradation of chlorinated organic pollutants with high efficiency and low energy consumption.

英文关键词： Electrochemical reductive dechlorination;Electrochemical oxidation;Coupling;Phenols;Refractory pollutants