真实反应条件下催化剂动态微观结构原位表征装置

项目名称： 真实反应条件下催化剂动态微观结构原位表征装置

项目编号： No.21227002

项目类型： 专项基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 王建国

作者单位： 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所

项目金额： 300万元

中文摘要： 绝大多数化学反应过程属于催化过程，所用催化剂的表面微观结构是决定其反应性能至关重要的因素。X射线在催化剂结构分析表征方面占有十分重要的地位，但鉴于此前技术条件的限制，很少有人对真实反应条件下催化剂活性中心及其变迁规律进行研究。近年来，北京光源升级改造已经完成，第三代上海光源业已竣工开放；高亮度、高准直、能量可调的同步辐射X光，为许多常规条件下无法进行的研究提供了可能。本项目就是研制一套可以综合采用同步辐射X光技术的多种手段（如XAFS、XRD、SAXS/WAXS等），对种类繁多、形态各异、特性不同的催化剂在其相应反应工艺条件下进行原位在线表征的装置。在设计、建造、调试装置的同时，还将对我们有一定前期研究基础的分子筛催化剂的晶化过程，超深度脱硫Ni/ZnO催化剂的活化、反应、再生等过程进行深入系统的研究，为研究真实反应条件下催化剂动态微观结构和催化反应机理开辟一条新的有效途径。

中文关键词： 同步辐射；X射线；催化剂；微观结构；原位表征

英文摘要： Most chemical reaction processes in industry are catalytic ones, where the performance of the catalysts used in these processes is largely dependent on their surface microstructure. X-ray plays an important role in the characterization of catalyst structure; however, up to present the researches on the state of catalyst active sites under real reaction conditions as well as the transition of active species along with the reaction courses are rather insufficient because of various technical problems. In recent years, with the upgrading of Beijing Light Source and the operation of Shanghai Light Source of third generation, the synchrotron radiation X-ray of high brightness, high collimation and adjustable intensity produced by them provides excellent chances for conducting catalyst characterization under unconventional conditions. In this project, therefore, we are intent on developing a set of devices, which can make good use of various synchrotron radiation X-ray techniques like XAFS, XRD, and SAXS/WAXS, to characterize the catalysts in situ under real reaction conditions. During the design, building and testing of the devices, we will investigate the catalyst structure in various processes like the crystallization of molecular sieves, methanol conversion to hydrocarbons, and reactive adsorption desulfurization

英文关键词： synchrotron radiation；X-ray；catalysts；microstructure；in situ