项目名称: 关键锕系核素和裂变产物的离子液体分离技术研究
项目编号: No.91226112
项目类型: 重大研究计划
立项/批准年度: 2013
项目学科: 无机化学
项目作者: 沈兴海
作者单位: 北京大学
项目金额: 110万元
中文摘要: 本项目拟采用离子液体萃取体系对乏燃料后处理过程涉及的次锕系核素Am和Np、长寿命或高释热裂片核素Tc, Sr, Cs以及易裂变核素U和Pu进行分离研究。具体工作包括:1)以研究较成熟的U, Sr, Cs离子液体萃取体系重点考察干扰离子存在下的选择性萃取分离性能,以不同的离子液体体系研究Am, Np, Tc, Pu的萃取分离及镧/锕分离;2)针对研究较成熟的U, Sr, Cs离子液体萃取体系,探索超临界CO2反萃方法;3)通过研究硝酸的影响、协萃配合物晶体和三相形成问题,探索离子液体体系的萃取机理;4)研究离子液体体系的辐射稳定性及复用性能。通过本项目的完成,将对离子液体萃取体系应用于重要锕系、次锕系核素,裂变产物的分离以及Ln/An分离的可行性作出评估,为进一步建立乏燃料后处理先进流程提供科学依据并进行必要的技术积累。
中文关键词: 离子液体;核素;萃取;反萃;
英文摘要: In this project, ionic liquids (ILs) together with extractants will be utilized to the extraction and separation of minor actinides (Am, Np), fission products (Tc, Sr, Cs) and U, Pu in the processing of spent nuclear fuel. The research contents include: 1) Examination of the selectivity of the extraction of U, Sr and Cs in the presence of interfering ions, extraction of Am, Np, Tc, Pu, and separation of Ln/An. 2) Exploration on the stripping of U, Sr, Cs from ILs phase by super-critical CO2. 3) Investigation on the extraction mechanism, including the effect of nitric acid on the properties of ILs, the syntheses of the crystal of the synergistic extracted complex, and the formation of the third phase during the extraction. 4) Study on the radiation stability and the recycle of the ILs systems. The feasibility of the application of ILs in the extraction of key actinides, minor actinides and fission products, and in the separation of Ln/An will be evaluated through the studies in this project. The results of this project will greatly contribute to the establishment of advanced reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel.
英文关键词: Ionic Liquids;Nuclides;Extraction;Stripping;