基于多种证据重建革蜱属的分类体系

项目名称： 基于多种证据重建革蜱属的分类体系

项目编号： No.31471967

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 陈泽

作者单位： 中国农业科学院兰州兽医研究所

项目金额： 84万元

中文摘要： 革蜱是家畜和野生哺乳动物的体表寄生虫，除吸血外，还传播多种病原体导致各种疾病。该类群主要分布在古北界和新北界，此外，东洋界、热带界、新热带界也有少数分布，现已记录30余种（我国达13种）。长期以来，人们认为革蜱是单源的。然而，申请人前期的分子系统学研究发现，革蜱可能是并系且至少包含两个谱系，其中一个谱系为古北界种类，另一个谱系则包括古北界以外的革蜱种类（东洋界种类未涉及）。鉴于我国地处古北界和东洋界，并具备丰富的革蜱资源。本项目拟在深入调查、广泛收集标本的基础上，以我国分布的革蜱为主要研究对象，同时结合国外相关种类，通过分析各种分子标记并结合形态学、生物地理学等多方面证据，应用进化分类学及支序系统学等现代理论对革蜱进行分类及系统发育学研究，分析其谱系组成，从而建立更合理的分类体系。该项目的实施不仅有助于正确鉴定革蜱种类、揭示它们的系统进化关系，而且对研究蜱的起源和演化具有重要意义。

中文关键词： 革蜱属；分类体系；重建

英文摘要： Dermacentor ticks are ectoparasites of domestic and wild animals. Besides blood-sucking, they can transmit a great variety of pathogens, which cause many diseases. The species of this group are mainly distributed in the Palaearctic and Nearctic regions, and several species can also be found in the Oriental, Tropical and Neotropical regions. Up to now, more than 30 species have been recorded (13 species in China). For a long time, Dermacentor was considered as a monophyletic group. However, the applicant's preliminary analysis of molecular systems found that Dermacentor might be paraphyly and contained at least two lineages. The species of one lineage was distributed in Palaearctic realm, and the other lineage species was found in other regions (the Oriental species not analyzed). In view of China is located in the Palaearctic and Oriental areas, which has rich Dermacentor resources. On the basis of further investigation and extensive collection of specimens,this project will take Dermacentor ticks of China as major research objects, combined with foreign related species. Various molecular markers combined with a variety of evidence including morphology, biological geography, etc. will be analyzed, and the modern theories of evolutionary taxonomy and cladistic systematics will be used to research the taxonomy and phylogenetic relationships of these species,and the composition of their lineages, so as to establish a more rational classification system. Implementation of this project will not only be useful to identify Dermacentor species correctly, and reveal their phylogenetic relationships, but also has important significance for the origin and evolution researches of ticks.

英文关键词： Dermacentor;classification system;reconstruction