顶辐孢属Dactylaria分类与分子系统学研究

项目名称： 顶辐孢属Dactylaria分类与分子系统学研究

项目编号： No.31460009

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 胡殿明

作者单位： 江西农业大学

项目金额： 48万元

中文摘要： 顶辐孢属Dactylaria真菌分布广泛，种类繁多，与工农业生产和人类生活息息相关。但在国内仅报道了少数种类，其物种资源有待发掘。该属真菌形态特征易受环境影响，所以基于形态特征的传统分类系统出现许多问题，主要是与其相近属易混淆及属内相近种间易误鉴。基于此，本项目将系统调查我国顶辐孢属真菌物种资源，并采用多基因系统发育分析与形态学研究相结合的多相分类方法，基于模式菌株和模式标本，对其进行系统学研究：1）清理顶辐孢属的异质性种类，保证其单系性；2）阐明顶辐孢属在子囊菌门的系统分类地位；3）通过形态与分子系统发育学研究对比, 对分类特征进行重新评估, 确定该属稳定可靠的能反映自然亲缘关系的形态特征。本项目将为该属物种的准确鉴定提供客观、可靠的依据，并建立该属趋于自然的分类系统，为植物病虫害防治、农业可持续发展、人畜真菌感染防治等诸多领域奠定生物学基础。

中文关键词： 真菌资源；子囊菌；真菌分类；分子系统学；系统发育分析

英文摘要： The genus Dactylaria is speciose and widely distributed; and it is closely related to human life. However, only a few species of Dactylaria have been reported in China, and there may be many undescribed species in China. The phenotypic characters of Dactylaria species are often affected by environment, therefore, the traditional classification system based on morphology are facing various challenges, mainly including: 1) Generic borderlines between Dactylaria and its related genera were drawn arbitrarily; and it is difficult to distinguish these similar genera; 2) The plasticity of phenotype of the Dactylaria species are different, leading to taxonomy and identification mistakes. In this study, the diversity of Dactylaria species will be investigated in China, and the systematics of Dactylaria will be studied based on combined data of multi-gene and morphological characters. Our aims are to: 1) Determine the classification placement of Dactylaria in Ascomycota; 2) Establish a monophyletic genus of Dactylaria; 3) Provide stable and reliable phenotypic criteria for the identification of Dactylaria species based on the comparison of phenotypic and molecular data. Our research will provide a basic database for the precise identification of Dactylaria species, and also provide background knowledge for agriculture, industry and medicine etc.

英文关键词： Fungal resource;Ascomycota;fungal taxonomy;Molecular systematics;Phylogenetic analysis