格点模型中自旋轨道耦合诱导的新奇量子效应及其调控

项目名称： 格点模型中自旋轨道耦合诱导的新奇量子效应及其调控

项目编号： No.11304281

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 王瑞

作者单位： 浙江海洋学院

项目金额： 28万元

中文摘要： 自旋轨道耦合将电子的自旋和运动轨道联系起来，使得人们可以通过对外电场 的调控来实现对自旋的控制。近年来，一些由自旋轨道耦合所导致的新奇物理效应如自旋霍尔效应、持续自旋流、二维和三维拓扑绝缘体、拓扑超导和拓扑超流等逐渐被人们所发现并成为研究热点。最新研究证明，当对光晶格采取一定操作时，以往在格点模型中被人们忽略的次近邻之间的实数形式的跃迁相互作用会有一个很大的变化范围，利用不同激光束的帮助，可以在冷原子系统中实现自旋轨道耦合相互作用，从而可以研究自旋轨道耦合对冷原子模型的影响。本项目主要研究在格点模型中次近邻之间的实数形式的跃迁相互作用和虚数形式的内禀自旋轨道耦合对体系相变以及Majorana边缘态的影响和调控。这些研究在理解量子力学基本概念和发现新的物理效应方面具有重要的基础科学意义，有助于我们更好的实现对自旋及电子的操控，为探测自旋在量子通信和量子信息等方面的应用提供理论依据。

中文关键词： 自旋轨道耦合；次近邻跃迁；拓扑；量子相变；

英文摘要： Spin orbit coupling plays an important role in connection between the electronic spin and its motion degrees of freedom of the orbit motion, which enables us to control the electronic spin by the external electronic field/voltage and puts the quantum regulation and control into practice. Recently, some exotic quantum effects including spin hall effect, persistent spin-current, two and three dimension topological insulators,topological superconducting(superfluity) induced by SOC have been gradually found out and become a central issue of research. It has been recently shown that by operating the optical lattice the real next-nearest-neighbor hopping term, which is often neglected,can be varied in a wide range. By engineering several different lasers, strong spin orbit coupling can be induced in the cold atoms, which would thus provide ways to explore a much richer phenomenology in cold-atom systems. This program focus on the research of how the real next-nearest-neighbor hopping and purely imaginary intrinsic spin orbit coupling effect the topological phase transitions and the Majorana edge states. This research will not only help to comprehend the basic quantum mechanics more profoundly and to find new physics phenomenons. but also has a potential application in areas of quantum communications and quantum infor

英文关键词： Spin-Orbit-Coupling；next nearest neighbor hopping；topological；quantum phase transitions；