面向能源转换与存储的新型氧化物纳米阵列的设计合成

项目名称： 面向能源转换与存储的新型氧化物纳米阵列的设计合成

项目编号： No.21473004

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 齐利民

作者单位： 北京大学

项目金额： 100万元

中文摘要： 随着化石燃料的逐渐枯竭及环境问题的日益加剧，开发清洁环保的新型可再生能源和先进储能技术成为当前国际社会亟待解决的热点问题。氧化物纳米阵列结构在太阳能电池和锂离子电池这两个重要的能源转换与储存领域都展示了广阔的应用前景，设计合成具有特定形貌构造和优异光电转换性能或储锂性能的新型氧化物纳米阵列结构可望成为解决当前能源和环境问题的一个有效方案。本项目将以敏化太阳能电池光阳极材料和锂离子电池负极材料的性能优化为导向，设计若干结构新颖的氧化物纳米阵列结构（如多孔纳米线阵列和纳米片阵列、多级有序纳米阵列结构以及复合纳米阵列结构等），并充分利用各种简便易行的溶液化学制备手段来实现其可控合成。利用所制得的氧化物纳米阵列作为新型电极材料来构筑敏化太阳能电池和锂离子电池，深入研究其光电转换性能和储锂性能，获得一些具有优异性能的氧化物纳米阵列，并初步揭示纳米阵列的形貌和构造对相关性能的影响规律。

中文关键词： 纳米阵列；金属氧化物；溶液相合成；太阳能电池；锂离子电池

英文摘要： Considering the exhausting fossil fuel resources and the increasing environmental consideration, the development of environmentally friendly, renewable energy resources and advanced energy storage technologies has attracted significant attention throughout the world. The nanostructure arrays of metal oxides have shown great potential in technologically important, energy conversion and storage fields including solar cells and lithium ion batteries. The fabrication of nanostructure arrays of metal oxides with rationally designed morphologies and architectures, which can exhibit superior performance of photoelectric conversion or lithium storage, may provide a feasible strategy to solve the current energy and environmental problems. This project will be focused on the rational design and controlled synthesis of a variety of metal oxide nanostructure arrays with novel morphologies and architectures, which is aimed at advanced photoanode materials for sensitized mesoscopic solar cells with enhanced photoelectric conversion performance and superior anode materials for lithium ion batteries with improved lithium storage performance. Various synthetic strategies based on solution chemistry will be used to realize the facile and effective synthesis of novel nanostructure arrays of metal oxides, such as porous nanowire arrays, unique nanosheet arrays, hierarchical structures consisting of nanowires and/or nanosheets, and composite nanostucture arrays made of a metal oxide and an accompanying substance. The obtained nanoarray structures will be employed to construct sensitized mesoscopic solar cells and lithium ion batteries, and the corresponding photoelectric conversion performance and lithium storage performance will be investigated in detail. It is expected that this research would lead to the realization of some unique nanoarrays of metal oxides with superior performance, and shed some new light on the relationship between the morphology/architecture of the nanostructure arrays and their performance in energy conversion and storage.

英文关键词： Nanostructure arrays;Metal oxides;Solution-phase synthesis;Solar cells;Lithium ion batteries