Blockchain has been deemed as a promising solution for providing security and privacy protection in the next-generation wireless networks. Large-scale concurrent access for massive wireless devices to accomplish the consensus procedure may consume prohibitive communication and computing resources, and thus may limit the application of blockchain in wireless conditions. As most existing consensus protocols are designed for wired networks, directly apply them for wireless users may exhaust their scarce spectrum and computing resources. In this paper, we propose AirCon, a byzantine fault-tolerant (BFT) consensus protocol for wireless users via the over-the-air computation. The novelty of AirCon is to take advantage of the intrinsic characteristic of the wireless channel and automatically achieve the consensus in the physical layer while receiving from the end users, which greatly reduces the communication and computational cost that would be caused by traditional consensus protocols. We implement the AirCon protocol integrated into an LTE system and provide solutions to the critical issues for over-the-air consensus implementation. Experimental results are provided to show the feasibility of the proposed protocol, and simulation results to show the performance of the AirCon protocol under different wireless conditions.
翻译:在下一代无线网络中,大型无线设备的大规模同时接入以完成协商一致程序,可能会消耗令人望而却步的通信和计算资源,从而限制无线条件下的链条应用。由于大多数现有共识协议是为有线网络设计的,因此,直接适用于无线用户的无线用户可以耗尽其稀缺的频谱和计算资源。在本文中,我们提议AirCon公司,通过空中计算,为无线用户提供一条路对断层容(BFT)共识协议。AirCon公司的新颖之处是利用无线频道的内在特征,在从终端用户那里获得的物理层自动实现共识,这大大降低了通信和计算费用,而传统的协商一致协议将会导致这种通信和计算费用大大降低。我们实施AirCon协议,将其纳入LTE系统,并为超空共识的实施提供关键问题的解决办法。我们提供实验结果,以显示拟议协议的可行性,并模拟结果显示无线协议在不同无线条件下的性能。