Purpose: Microservice Architecture (MSA) denotes an increasingly popular architectural style in which business capabilities are wrapped into autonomously developable and deployable software components called microservices. Microservice applications are developed by multiple DevOps teams each owning one or more services. In this article, we explore the state of how DevOps teams in small and medium-sized organizations (SMOs) cope with MSA and how they can be supported. Methods: We show through a secondary analysis of an exploratory interview study comprising six cases, that the organizational and technological complexity resulting from MSA poses particular challenges for small and medium-sized organizations (SMOs). We apply Model-Driven Engineering to address these challenges. Results: As results of the second analysis, we identify the challenge areas of building and maintaining a common architectural understanding, and dealing with deployment technologies. To support DevOps teams of SMOs in coping with these challenges, we present a model-driven workflow based on LEMMA - the Language Ecosystem for Modeling Microservice Architecture. To implement the workflow, we extend LEMMA with the functionality to (i) generate models from API documentation; (ii) reference remote models owned by other teams; (iii) generate deployment specifications; and (iv) generate a visual representation of the overall architecture. Conclusion: We validate the model-driven workflow and our extensions to LEMMA through a case study showing that the added functionality to LEMMA can bring efficiency gains for DevOps teams. To develop best practices for applying our workflow to maximize efficiency in SMOs, we plan to conduct more empirical research in the field in the future.
翻译:宗旨:微服务架构(MSA)是指一种日益流行的建筑风格,其中业务能力被包成自主开发的、可部署的软件组件,称为微服务。微服务应用程序由多个DevOps小组开发,每个小组拥有一种或多种服务。在本篇文章中,我们探讨了中小型组织DevOps小组如何应付管理特派任务生活津贴及如何支持这些工作队的状况。方法:我们通过对一个由六个案例组成的试探性访谈研究的二次分析,表明管理协议产生的组织和技术复杂性对中小型组织(SMOs)构成特殊挑战。我们采用模型驱动工程来应对这些挑战。结果:作为第二次分析的结果,我们确定了建设和维持共同建筑理解和处理部署技术的挑战领域。为了支持SMO的DevO小组应付这些挑战,我们介绍了基于LEMMA-模拟微服务架构的语言生态系统的模型驱动工作流程。为了执行工作流程,我们将LEMMA的功能扩大到(i)生成了AIPI文件模型的模型;作为第二次分析的结果,我们确定了建设和维护SEM系统(iii)通过SIM系统进行最佳部署流程的实地评估,我们通过SLIM团队进行实地评估。