We study the design of mechanisms under asymmetric awareness and information. While the mechanism designer cannot necessarily commit to a particular social choice function in the face of unawareness, she can at least commit to properties of social choice functions such as efficiency given ex post awareness. Assuming quasi-linear utilities and private values, we show that we can implement in conditional dominant strategies a social choice function that is utilitarian ex post efficient under pooled awareness without the need of the social planner being fully aware ex ante. To this end, we develop novel dynamic versions of Vickrey-Clarke-Groves mechanisms in which true types are revealed and subsequently elaborated at endogenous higher awareness levels. We explore how asymmetric awareness affects budget balance and participation constraints. We show that ex ante unforeseen contingencies are no excuse for deficits. Finally, we propose a dynamic elaboration reverse second price auction for efficient procurement of complex incompletely specified projects with budget balance and participation constraints.
翻译:我们研究在不对称意识和信息条件下的机制设计问题。尽管机制设计者在面对无意识时未必能承诺特定的社会选择函数,但她至少可以承诺社会选择函数的某些性质,例如给定事后意识下的效率。假设拟线性效用和私有价值,我们证明可以在条件占优策略中实现一个社会选择函数,该函数在汇集意识下具有事后功利主义效率,且无需社会规划者事前完全知情。为此,我们开发了新颖的动态版Vickrey-Clarke-Groves机制,其中真实类型在内在更高意识水平下被揭示并随后细化。我们探讨了不对称意识如何影响预算平衡和参与约束。我们证明事前未预见的意外情况不能成为赤字的借口。最后,我们提出了一种动态细化反向第二价格拍卖,用于在预算平衡和参与约束下高效采购复杂且未完全明确的项目。