Fast growing scientific topics have famously been key harbingers of the new frontiers of science, yet, large-scale analyses of their genesis and impact are rare. We investigate one possible factor connected with a topic's extraordinary growth: scientific prizes. Our longitudinal analysis of nearly all recognized prizes worldwide and over 11,000 scientific topics from 19 disciplines indicates that topics associated with a scientific prize experience extraordinary growth in productivity, impact, and new entrants. Relative to matched non-prizewinning topics, prizewinning topics produce 40% more papers and 33% more citations, retain 55% more scientists, and gain 37% and 47% more new entrants and star scientists, respectively, in the first five-to-ten years after the prize. Funding do not account for a prizewinning topic's growth. Rather, growth is positively related to the degree to which the prize is discipline-specific, conferred for recent research, or has prize money. These findings reveal new dynamics behind scientific innovation and investment.
翻译：快速增长的科学课题著名的是新科学领域的关键开拓者,然而,对其起源和影响进行大规模分析是罕见的。我们调查了与一个专题的非凡增长相关的一个可能因素:科学奖。我们对全世界几乎所有公认的奖项以及19个学科的11 000多个科学课题的纵向分析表明,与科学奖有关的课题在生产力、影响和新进方面都经历了非凡的增长。与非大获奖的专题相对,获奖专题产生了40%以上的论文,增加了33%的引文,保留了55%的科学家,并在奖后头5至10年中分别增加了37%和47%的新进者和明星科学家。供资并不反映获奖专题的增长。相反,增长与该奖项具有特定纪律性、最近研究获得的奖项或有奖金的奖项的程度有着积极的关系。这些调查结果揭示了科学创新和投资背后的新动态。
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