Smart city architecture brings all the underlying architectures, i.e., Internet of Things (IoT), Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs), Internet of Cyber-Physical Things (IoCPT), and Internet of Everything (IoE), together to work as a system under its umbrella. The goal of smart city architecture is to come up with a solution that may integrate all the real-time response applications. However, the cyber-physical space poses threats that can jeopardize the working of a smart city where all the data belonging to people, systems, and processes will be at risk. Various architectures based on centralized and distributed mechanisms support smart cities; however, the security concerns regarding traceability, scalability, security services, platform assistance, and resource management persist. In this paper, private blockchain-based architecture Decentralized Smart City of Things (DSCoT) is proposed. It actively utilizes fog computing for all the users and smart devices connected to a fog node in a particular management system in a smart city, i.e., a smart house or hospital, etc. Non-fungible tokens (NFTs) have been utilized for representation to define smart device attributes. NFTs in the proposed DSCoT architecture provide devices and user authentication (IoT) functionality. DSCoT has been designed to provide a smart city solution that ensures robust security features such as Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability (CIA), and authorization by defining new attributes and functions for Owner, User, Fog, and IoT devices authentication. The evaluation of the proposed functions and components in terms of Gas consumption and time complexity has shown promising results. Comparatively, the Gas consumption for minting DSCoT NFT showed approximately 27%, and a DSCoT approve() was approximately 11% more efficient than the PUF-based NFT solution.
翻译:智能城市架构带来所有基本架构,即:物端互联网(IoT)、网络-物理系统(CPS)、网络-物理系统(IPS)、网络-物理系统(IoCPT)、网络-物理系统的互联网(IoE),以及万物互联网(IoE),这些架构将作为一个系统一起工作。智能城市架构的目标是提出一个解决方案,将所有实时响应应用软件整合起来。然而,网络物理空间将带来威胁,危及智能城市的运作,因为所有属于人、系统和流程的数据都将处于其中的智能城市。基于中央和分布机制的各种架构界定智能城市;然而,关于可追踪性、可缩放性、安保服务、平台援助和资源管理的互联网(IoE)的安全关切依然存在。在这个纸张中,基于私人链的智能智能城市智能城市城市智能城市(DCoT)结构中,为智能城市(NFT)系统(OFT)系统(OFT)系统(Orality)系统(OralityS)的功能(NFFT),为智能工具(IFT)的智能工具(O-Silal-lialalalalal)的功能,为D-Silalalalal)提供(D-Silvialimation)的功能提供了一个新的数据(D-Sildildalty)的功能,为DFFFFFT(D-I)功能的功能的功能,为D-Silentalviualvialtyaltyalisalty表示的功能,为D-I的功能的功能的功能,为DFT的功能,为D-FT的功能的功能显示,为DFT的功能的功能表示,为DFT),为DFT的功能表示了新的的功能的功能的功能的功能的功能的功能的功能的功能。