Neuromorphic computing systems such as DYNAPs and Loihi have recently been introduced to the computing community to improve performance and energy efficiency of machine learning programs, especially those that are implemented using Spiking Neural Network (SNN). The role of a system software for neuromorphic systems is to cluster a large machine learning model (e.g., with many neurons and synapses) and map these clusters to the computing resources of the hardware. In this work, we formulate the energy consumption of a neuromorphic hardware, considering the power consumed by neurons and synapses, and the energy consumed in communicating spikes on the interconnect. Based on such formulation, we first evaluate the role of a system software in managing the energy consumption of neuromorphic systems. Next, we formulate a simple heuristic-based mapping approach to place the neurons and synapses onto the computing resources to reduce energy consumption. We evaluate our approach with 10 machine learning applications and demonstrate that the proposed mapping approach leads to a significant reduction of energy consumption of neuromorphic computing systems.
翻译:DYNAPs和Loihi等神经形态计算系统最近被引入计算机界,以提高机器学习方案的性能和能源效率,特别是利用Spiking神经网络(SNN)实施的程序。神经形态系统软件的作用是将一个大型机器学习模型(例如,有许多神经元和突触)集中起来,并将这些组群与硬件的计算资源进行测绘。在这项工作中,我们考虑到神经形态硬件和突触所消耗的能量,以及用于在互联中传递电源的能量。基于这种配方,我们首先评估一个系统软件在管理神经形态系统能源消耗方面的作用。接下来,我们设计一个简单的基于超自然形态的绘图方法,将神经元和突触器放在计算资源上,以减少能源消耗。我们用10个机器学习应用来评估我们的方法,并证明拟议的绘图方法导致神经形态计算系统的能源消耗大幅减少。