With the growth of cars and car-sharing applications, commuters in many cities, particularly developing countries, are shifting away from public transport. These shifts have affected two key stakeholders: transit operators and first- and last-mile (FLM) services. Although most cities continue to invest heavily in bus and metro projects to make public transit attractive, ridership in these systems has often failed to reach targeted levels. FLM service providers also experience lower demand and revenues in the wake of shifts to other means of transport. Effective FLM options are required to prevent this phenomenon and make public transport attractive for commuters. One possible solution is to forge partnerships between public transport and FLM providers that offer competitive joint mobility options. Such solutions require prudent allocation of supply and optimised strategies for FLM operations and ride-sharing. To this end, we build an agent- and event-based simulation model which captures interactions between passengers and FLM services using statecharts, vehicle routing models, and other trip matching rules. An optimisation model for allocating FLM vehicles at different transit stations is proposed to reduce unserved requests. Using real-world metro transit demand data from Bengaluru, India, the effectiveness of our approach in improving FLM connectivity and quantifying the benefits of sharing trips is demonstrated.
翻译:随着汽车和汽车共享应用程序的增长,许多城市的通勤人员,特别是发展中国家的通勤人员,正在远离公共交通,这些转变影响到两个主要利益攸关方:过境运营商和一英里和最后一英里(FLM)服务。虽然大多数城市继续在公共汽车和地铁项目上进行大量投资,以使公共交通具有吸引力,但这些系统中的骑手往往未能达到目标水平。FLM服务提供商在转向其他运输工具后,也经历了较低的需求和收入。需要有效的FLM选项来防止这一现象并使公共交通对通勤人员具有吸引力。一个可能的解决办法是,在公共交通和FLM供应商之间建立伙伴关系,提供竞争性的联合流动选择。这些解决方案要求谨慎分配供应和优化FLM业务和搭车共享战略。为此,我们建立了一个代理和事件模拟模型,利用州图、车辆路线模式和其他旅行匹配规则,记录乘客与FLM服务之间的互动。在不同过境站分配FLM车辆的优化模式,提议减少未满足要求。使用真实世界的FLM系统共享数据,印度的量化的连接性要求。