We study the parameterized complexity of the problems of finding a maximum common (induced) subgraph of two given graphs. Since these problems generalize several NP-complete problems, they are intractable even when parameterized by strongly restricted structural parameters. Our contribution in this paper is to sharply complement the hardness of the problems by showing fixed-parameter tractable cases: both induced and non-induced problems parameterized by max-leaf number and by neighborhood diversity, and the induced problem parameterized by twin cover number. These results almost completely determine the complexity of the problems with respect to well-studied structural parameters. Also, the result on the twin cover number presents a rather rare example where the induced and non-induced cases have different complexity.
翻译:我们研究了在两个给定图中寻找最大公共(诱导)子图问题的参数化复杂度。由于这些问题推广了多个NP完全问题,即使在强限制的结构参数下它们也是难解的。本文的贡献在于通过展示固定参数可解情形来精确补充这些问题的困难性:基于最大叶数和邻域多样性的诱导与非诱导问题,以及基于孪生覆盖数的诱导问题。这些结果几乎完全确定了这些问题相对于已深入研究的结构参数的复杂度。此外,关于孪生覆盖数的结果呈现了一个较为罕见的案例,其中诱导情形与非诱导情形具有不同的复杂度。