On-demand ride services or ride-sourcing services have been experiencing fast development in the past decade. Various mathematical models and optimization algorithms have been developed to help ride-sourcing platforms design operational strategies with higher efficiency. However, due to cost and reliability issues (implementing an immature algorithm for real operations may result in system turbulence), it is commonly infeasible to validate these models and train/test these optimization algorithms within real-world ride sourcing platforms. Acting as a useful test bed, a simulation platform for ride-sourcing systems will be very important to conduct algorithm training/testing or model validation through trails and errors. While previous studies have established a variety of simulators for their own tasks, it lacks a fair and public platform for comparing the models or algorithms proposed by different researchers. In addition, the existing simulators still face many challenges, ranging from their closeness to real environments of ride-sourcing systems, to the completeness of different tasks they can implement. To address the challenges, we propose a novel multi-functional and open-sourced simulation platform for ride-sourcing systems, which can simulate the behaviors and movements of various agents on a real transportation network. It provides a few accessible portals for users to train and test various optimization algorithms, especially reinforcement learning algorithms, for a variety of tasks, including on-demand matching, idle vehicle repositioning, and dynamic pricing. In addition, it can be used to test how well the theoretical models approximate the simulated outcomes. Evaluated on real-world data based experiments, the simulator is demonstrated to be an efficient and effective test bed for various tasks related to on-demand ride service operations.
翻译:按需乘车服务或共享出行服务在过去十年中经历了快速发展。已经开发了各种数学模型和优化算法来帮助共享出行平台设计更高效的运营策略。然而,由于成本和可靠性问题(在实际运营中实施不成熟的算法可能导致系统动荡),在真实的共享出行平台内验证这些模型并进行优化算法的训练/测试通常是不可行的。作为有效的测试平台,共享出行系统的模拟器将非常重要,通过试错来进行算法训练/测试或模型验证。虽然以前的研究已经建立了各种模拟器服务于他们的任务,但是缺乏一个公平和公开的平台,以便比较不同研究人员提出的各种模型或算法。此外,现有的模拟器仍然面临许多挑战,包括它们与共享出行系统的真实环境的接近程度以及它们可以实现的不同任务的完整性。为了解决这些问题,我们提出了一种全新的多功能开源模拟平台,用于共享出行系统,可以模拟各种代理在真实交通网络上的行为和移动。它为用户提供了一些可访问的门户,以训练和测试各种优化算法,特别是强化学习算法,用于各种任务,包括按需匹配、空车再定位和动态定价。此外,它可以用来测试理论模型如何近似模拟结果。在基于真实数据的实验中评估,该模拟器被证明是一个有效的测试平台,用于与按需乘车服务操作相关的各种任务。